Installing Geospatial librariesLink para este cabeçalho
GeoDjango uses and/or provides interfaces for the following open source geospatial libraries:
Programa |
Descrição |
Requerido |
Supported Versions |
|---|---|---|---|
Geometry Engine Open Source |
Sim |
3.6, 3.5, 3.4 |
|
Cartographic Projections library |
Sim (somente PostgreSQL e SQLite) |
4.9, 4.8, 4.7, 4.6, 4.5, 4.4 |
|
Geospatial Data Abstraction Library |
Sim |
2.2, 2.1, 2.0, 1.11, 1.10, 1.9 |
|
IP-based geolocation library |
Não |
2 |
|
Spatial extensions for PostgreSQL |
Sim (apenas PostGreSQL) |
2.5, 2.4, 2.3, 2.2, 2.1 |
|
Spatial extensions for SQLite |
Sim (Apenas SQLite) |
4.3, 4.2, 4.1 |
Note that older or more recent versions of these libraries may also work totally fine with GeoDjango. Your mileage may vary.
On Debian/Ubuntu, you are advised to install the following packages which will install, directly or by dependency, the required geospatial libraries:
$ sudo apt-get install binutils libproj-dev gdal-bin
Optional packages to consider:
libgeoip1: for GeoIP supportpython-gdalfor GDAL’s own Python bindings – includes interfaces for raster manipulation
Please also consult platform-specific instructions if you are on macOS or Windows.
Building from sourceLink para este cabeçalho
When installing from source on UNIX and GNU/Linux systems, please follow the installation instructions carefully, and install the libraries in the given order. If using MySQL or Oracle as the spatial database, only GEOS is required.
GEOSLink para este cabeçalho
GEOS is a C++ library for performing geometric operations, and is the default
internal geometry representation used by GeoDjango (it’s behind the “lazy”
geometries). Specifically, the C API library is called (e.g., libgeos_c.so)
directly from Python using ctypes.
First, download GEOS from the GEOS website and untar the source archive:
$ wget https://download.osgeo.org/geos/geos-X.Y.Z.tar.bz2
$ tar xjf geos-X.Y.Z.tar.bz2
Next, change into the directory where GEOS was unpacked, run the configure script, compile, and install:
$ cd geos-X.Y.Z
$ ./configure
$ make
$ sudo make install
$ cd ..
Solução de ProblemasLink para este cabeçalho
Can’t find GEOS libraryLink para este cabeçalho
When GeoDjango can’t find GEOS, this error is raised:
ImportError: Could not find the GEOS library (tried "geos_c"). Try setting GEOS_LIBRARY_PATH in your settings.
The most common solution is to properly configure your Library environment settings or set GEOS_LIBRARY_PATH in your settings.
If using a binary package of GEOS (e.g., on Ubuntu), you may need to Install binutils.
GEOS_LIBRARY_PATHLink para este cabeçalho
If your GEOS library is in a non-standard location, or you don’t want to
modify the system’s library path then the GEOS_LIBRARY_PATH
setting may be added to your Django settings file with the full path to the
GEOS C library. For example:
GEOS_LIBRARY_PATH = '/home/bob/local/lib/libgeos_c.so'
PROJ.4Link para este cabeçalho
PROJ.4 is a library for converting geospatial data to different coordinate reference systems.
First, download the PROJ.4 source code and datum shifting files [1]:
$ wget https://download.osgeo.org/proj/proj-X.Y.Z.tar.gz
$ wget https://download.osgeo.org/proj/proj-datumgrid-X.Y.tar.gz
Next, untar the source code archive, and extract the datum shifting files in the
nad subdirectory. This must be done prior to configuration:
$ tar xzf proj-X.Y.Z.tar.gz
$ cd proj-X.Y.Z/nad
$ tar xzf ../../proj-datumgrid-X.Y.tar.gz
$ cd ..
Finally, configure, make and install PROJ.4:
$ ./configure
$ make
$ sudo make install
$ cd ..
GDALLink para este cabeçalho
GDAL is an excellent open source geospatial library that has support for reading most vector and raster spatial data formats. Currently, GeoDjango only supports GDAL’s vector data capabilities [2]. GEOS and PROJ.4 should be installed prior to building GDAL.
First download the latest GDAL release version and untar the archive:
$ wget https://download.osgeo.org/gdal/X.Y.Z/gdal-X.Y.Z.tar.gz
$ tar xzf gdal-X.Y.Z.tar.gz
$ cd gdal-X.Y.Z
Configure, make and install:
$ ./configure
$ make # Go get some coffee, this takes a while.
$ sudo make install
$ cd ..
If you have any problems, please see the troubleshooting section below for suggestions and solutions.
Solução de ProblemasLink para este cabeçalho
Can’t find GDAL libraryLink para este cabeçalho
When GeoDjango can’t find the GDAL library, configure your Library environment settings or set GDAL_LIBRARY_PATH in your settings.
GDAL_LIBRARY_PATHLink para este cabeçalho
If your GDAL library is in a non-standard location, or you don’t want to
modify the system’s library path then the GDAL_LIBRARY_PATH
setting may be added to your Django settings file with the full path to
the GDAL library. For example:
GDAL_LIBRARY_PATH = '/home/sue/local/lib/libgdal.so'
Notas de rodapé