{"title":"安装 SpatiaLite","version":"4.0","locale":"zh-hans","docname":"ref/contrib/gis/install/spatialite","url":"/zh-hans/4.0/ref/contrib/gis/install/spatialite/","canonical":"https://djangodocs.dev/zh-hans/4.0/ref/contrib/gis/install/spatialite/","summary":"SpatiaLite 为 SQLite 增加了空间支持，使其成为一个全功能的空间数据库。 首先，检查是否可以从系统包或二进制文件中安装 SpatiaLite。 For example, on Debian-based distributions that package SpatiaLite 4.3+, try to…","html":"

安装 SpatiaLiteLink to this heading#

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SpatiaLite 为 SQLite 增加了空间支持，使其成为一个全功能的空间数据库。

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首先，检查是否可以从系统包或二进制文件中安装 SpatiaLite。

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For example, on Debian-based distributions that package SpatiaLite 4.3+, try to\ninstall the libsqlite3-mod-spatialite package. For older releases install\nspatialite-bin.

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对于 macOS，请按照 下方的说明。

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对于 Windows，你可以在 Gaia-SINS 主页上找到二进制文件。

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在任何情况下，你都应该能够 从源码安装。

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从源码安装Link to this heading#

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GEOS and PROJ should be installed\nprior to building SpatiaLite.

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SQLiteLink to this heading#

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首先检查 SQLite 是否使用 R*Tree 模块 编译。运行 sqlite3 命令行界面，输入以下查询：

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sqlite> CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE testrtree USING rtree(id,minX,maxX,minY,maxY);\n
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如果你获得一个错误，你将不得不从源码重新编译 SQLite。否则，请跳过本节。

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要从源码安装，请从 SQLite 下载页面 下载最新的合并源码档案，并解压：

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$ wget https://www.sqlite.org/YYYY/sqlite-amalgamation-XXX0000.zip\n$ unzip sqlite-amalgamation-XXX0000.zip\n$ cd sqlite-amalgamation-XXX0000\n
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接下来，运行 configure 脚本 —— 不过 CFLAGS 环境变量需要自定义，以便 SQLite 知道如何构建 R*Tree 模块：

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$ CFLAGS="-DSQLITE_ENABLE_RTREE=1" ./configure\n$ make\n$ sudo make install\n$ cd ..\n
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SpatiaLite 库（libspatialite）Link to this heading#

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从 下载页面 获取最新的 SpatiaLite 库源捆绑包：

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$ wget https://www.gaia-gis.it/gaia-sins/libspatialite-sources/libspatialite-X.Y.Z.tar.gz\n$ tar xaf libspatialite-X.Y.Z.tar.gz\n$ cd libspatialite-X.Y.Z\n$ ./configure\n$ make\n$ sudo make install\n
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macOS 特定说明Link to this heading#

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要安装 SpatiaLite 库和工具，macOS 用户可以选择 KyngChaos 包 和 Homebrew 。

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KyngChaosLink to this heading#

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首先，按照 KyngChaos 包 部分的说明。

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在创建 SpatiaLite 数据库时，需要使用 spatialite 程序。但是，不要试图从源头编译 SpatiaLite 工具，而是下载 MacOS 的 SpatiaLite Tools 包，并将 spatialite 安装到 PATH 中的可用位置。 例如：

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$ curl -O https://www.kyngchaos.com/files/software/frameworks/Spatialite_Tools-4.3.zip\n$ unzip Spatialite_Tools-4.3.zip\n$ cd Spatialite\\ Tools/tools\n$ sudo cp spatialite /Library/Frameworks/SQLite3.framework/Programs\n
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最后，为了让 GeoDjango 能够找到 KyngChaos SpatiaLite 库，在你的 settings.py 中添加以下内容：

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SPATIALITE_LIBRARY_PATH='/Library/Frameworks/SQLite3.framework/SQLite3'\n
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HomebrewLink to this heading#

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Homebrew 代表你处理所有与 SpatiaLite 相关的软件包，包括 SQLite、SpatiaLite、PROJ 和 GEOS。按以下方式安装它们：

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$ brew update\n$ brew install spatialite-tools\n$ brew install gdal\n
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最后，为了让 GeoDjango 能够找到 SpatiaLite 库，在你的 settings.py 中添加以下内容：

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SPATIALITE_LIBRARY_PATH='/usr/local/lib/mod_spatialite.dylib'\n
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