{"title":"使用 Django","version":"3.2","locale":"zh-hans","docname":"topics/index","url":"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/","canonical":"https://djangodocs.dev/zh-hans/3.2/topics/","summary":"你需要知道的所有 Django 关键部分介绍： 如何安装 Django 安装 Python 安装 Apache 和 mod_wsgi 运行你的数据库 安装 Django 源码 模型和数据库 模型 执行查询 聚合 搜索 管理器 执行原生 SQL 查询 数据库事务 多数据库 表空间（Tablespaces） 数据库访问优化…","html":"<h1>使用 Django<a class=\"heading-anchor\" href=\"#using-django\"><span class=\"visually-hidden\">Link to this heading</span><span aria-hidden=\"true\">#</span></a></h1>\n<p>你需要知道的所有 Django 关键部分介绍：</p>\n<div class=\"toctree-wrapper compound\">\n<ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l1\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/install/\">如何安装 Django</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/install/#install-python\">安装 Python</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/install/#install-apache-and-mod-wsgi\">安装 Apache 和 <code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\"><span class=\"pre\">mod_wsgi</span></code></a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/install/#get-your-database-running\">运行你的数据库</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/install/#install-the-django-code\">安装 Django 源码</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l1\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/db/\">模型和数据库</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/db/models/\">模型</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/db/queries/\">执行查询</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/db/aggregation/\">聚合</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/db/search/\">搜索</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/db/managers/\">管理器</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/db/sql/\">执行原生 SQL 查询</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/db/transactions/\">数据库事务</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/db/multi-db/\">多数据库</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/db/tablespaces/\">表空间（Tablespaces）</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/db/optimization/\">数据库访问优化</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/db/instrumentation/\">数据库工具</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/db/examples/\">模型关联 API 用法示例</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l1\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/http/\">处理 HTTP 请求</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/http/urls/\">URL调度器</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/http/views/\">编写视图</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/http/decorators/\">视图装饰器</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/http/file-uploads/\">文件上传</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/http/shortcuts/\">Django 便捷函数</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/http/generic-views/\">通用视图</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/http/middleware/\">中间件</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/http/sessions/\">如何使用会话</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l1\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/forms/\">使用表单</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/forms/#html-forms\">HTML表单</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/forms/#django-s-role-in-forms\">Django在表单中的角色</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/forms/#forms-in-django\">Django 中的表单</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/forms/#building-a-form\">构建一张表单</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/forms/#more-about-django-form-classes\">详解Django <code class=\"xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate\"><span class=\"pre\">Form</span></code> 类</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/forms/#working-with-form-templates\">使用表单模板</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/forms/#further-topics\">更多相关主题</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l1\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/templates/\">模板</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/templates/#the-django-template-language\">Django 模板语言</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/templates/#support-for-template-engines\">模板引擎的支持</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l1\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/class-based-views/\">基于类的视图</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/class-based-views/intro/\">基于类的视图</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/class-based-views/generic-display/\">内置的基于类的通用视图</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/class-based-views/generic-editing/\">使用基于类的视图处理表单</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/class-based-views/mixins/\">在基于类的视图中使用混入</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/class-based-views/#basic-examples\">基础示例</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/class-based-views/#usage-in-your-urlconf\">在 URLconf 中的用法</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/class-based-views/#subclassing-generic-views\">子类化通用视图</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l1\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/migrations/\">迁移</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/migrations/#the-commands\">命令</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/migrations/#backend-support\">后端支持</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/migrations/#workflow\">工作流程</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/migrations/#transactions\">事务</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/migrations/#dependencies\">依赖</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/migrations/#migration-files\">迁移文件</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/migrations/#adding-migrations-to-apps\">向应用添加迁移</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/migrations/#reversing-migrations\">撤销迁移</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/migrations/#historical-models\">历史模型</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/migrations/#considerations-when-removing-model-fields\">删除模型字段时的注意事项</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/migrations/#data-migrations\">数据迁移</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/migrations/#squashing-migrations\">压缩迁移</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/migrations/#serializing-values\">序列化值</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/migrations/#supporting-multiple-django-versions\">支持多个 Django 版本</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l1\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/files/\">管理文件</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/files/#using-files-in-models\">在模型中使用文件</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/files/#the-file-object\"><code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\"><span class=\"pre\">File</span></code> 对象</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/files/#file-storage\">文件存储</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l1\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/testing/\">Django 中的测试</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/testing/overview/\">编写并运行测试</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/testing/tools/\">测试工具</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/testing/advanced/\">进阶测试主题</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l1\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/auth/\">Django中的用户认证</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/auth/#overview\">概况</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/auth/#installation\">安装</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/auth/#usage\">用法</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l1\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/cache/\">Django 缓存框架</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/cache/#setting-up-the-cache\">设置缓存</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/cache/#the-per-site-cache\">站点缓存</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/cache/#the-per-view-cache\">视图缓存</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/cache/#template-fragment-caching\">模板片段缓存</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/cache/#the-low-level-cache-api\">底层缓存 API</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/cache/#downstream-caches\">下游缓存</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/cache/#using-vary-headers\">使用 <code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\"><span class=\"pre\">Vary</span></code> 标头</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/cache/#controlling-cache-using-other-headers\">使用其他标头控制高速缓存</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/cache/#order-of-middleware\"><code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\"><span class=\"pre\">MIDDLEWARE</span></code> 顺序</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l1\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/conditional-view-processing/\">条件视图处理</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/conditional-view-processing/#the-condition-decorator\">条件装饰器</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/conditional-view-processing/#shortcuts-for-only-computing-one-value\">仅用于计算一个值的快捷方式</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/conditional-view-processing/#using-the-decorators-with-other-http-methods\">将装饰器和其他 HTTP 方法一起使用</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/conditional-view-processing/#comparison-with-middleware-conditional-processing\">对比中间件的条件处理</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l1\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/signing/\">加密签名</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/signing/#protecting-the-secret-key\">保护 <code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\"><span class=\"pre\">SECRET_KEY</span></code></a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/signing/#using-the-low-level-api\">使用低级 API</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l1\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/email/\">发送邮件</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/email/#quick-example\">快速上手</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/email/#send-mail\"><code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\"><span class=\"pre\">send_mail()</span></code></a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/email/#send-mass-mail\"><code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\"><span class=\"pre\">send_mass_mail()</span></code></a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/email/#mail-admins\"><code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\"><span class=\"pre\">mail_admins()</span></code></a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/email/#mail-managers\"><code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\"><span class=\"pre\">mail_managers()</span></code></a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/email/#examples\">示例</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/email/#preventing-header-injection\">防止头注入</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/email/#the-emailmessage-class\"><code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\"><span class=\"pre\">EmailMessage</span></code> 类</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/email/#email-backends\">邮件后端</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/email/#configuring-email-for-development\">为了开发配置邮件</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l1\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/i18n/\">国际化和本地化</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/i18n/#overview\">概况</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/i18n/#definitions\">定义</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l1\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/logging/\">日志</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/logging/#a-quick-logging-primer\">日志管理快速入门</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/logging/#using-logging\">使用 logging 模块</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/logging/#configuring-logging\">日志模块的配置</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/logging/#django-s-logging-extensions\">Django 的日志记录扩展</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/logging/#django-s-default-logging-configuration\">Django 的默认日志配置</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l1\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/pagination/\">分页</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/pagination/#the-paginator-class\"><code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\"><span class=\"pre\">Paginator</span></code> 类</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/pagination/#example\">例如</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/pagination/#paginating-a-listview\"><code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\"><span class=\"pre\">ListView</span></code> 分页</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/pagination/#using-paginator-in-a-view-function\">在视图函数中使用 <code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\"><span class=\"pre\">Paginator</span></code></a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l1\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/security/\">Django 的安全性</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/security/#cross-site-scripting-xss-protection\">防御跨站脚本攻击（XSS）</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/security/#cross-site-request-forgery-csrf-protection\">防御跨站点请求伪造（CSRF）</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/security/#sql-injection-protection\">防御 SQL 注入</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/security/#clickjacking-protection\">防御访问劫持</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/security/#ssl-https\">SSL/HTTPS</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/security/#host-header-validation\">Host 头部验证</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/security/#referrer-policy\">Referrer 策略</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/security/#session-security\">会话安全</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/security/#user-uploaded-content\">用户上传内容</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/security/#additional-security-topics\">其他安全性相关主题</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l1\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/performance/\">性能和优化</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/performance/#introduction\">介绍</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/performance/#general-approaches\">一般方法</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/performance/#caching\">缓存</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/performance/#understanding-laziness\">理解惰性</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/performance/#databases\">数据库</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/performance/#http-performance\">HTTP 性能</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/performance/#template-performance\">模板性能</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/performance/#using-different-versions-of-available-software\">使用现有软件的不同版本</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l1\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/serialization/\">序列化 Django 对象</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/serialization/#serializing-data\">序列化数据</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/serialization/#deserializing-data\">反序列化数据</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/serialization/#serialization-formats\">序列化格式</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/serialization/#natural-keys\">自然键</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l1\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/settings/\">Django 配置</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/settings/#the-basics\">基础</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/settings/#designating-the-settings\">指定配置文件</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/settings/#default-settings\">默认配置</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/settings/#using-settings-in-python-code\">在 Python 代码中使用 settings</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/settings/#altering-settings-at-runtime\">运行时更改设置</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/settings/#security\">安全</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/settings/#available-settings\">可用的配置项</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/settings/#creating-your-own-settings\">创建你自己的配置文件</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/settings/#using-settings-without-setting-django-settings-module\">不设置 <code class=\"xref std std-envvar docutils literal notranslate\"><span class=\"pre\">DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE</span></code> 时使用配置</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l1\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/signals/\">信号</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/signals/#listening-to-signals\">监听信号</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/signals/#defining-and-sending-signals\">定义和发送信号</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/signals/#disconnecting-signals\">断开信号</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l1\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/checks/\">系统检查框架</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/checks/#writing-your-own-checks\">编写自定义的检查</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l1\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/external-packages/\">扩展包</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/external-packages/#localflavor\">Localflavor</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/external-packages/#comments\">Comments</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/external-packages/#formtools\">Formtools</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l1\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/async/\">异步支持</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/async/#async-views\">异步视图</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/async/#async-safety\">异步安全</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/async/#async-adapter-functions\">异步适配函数</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</div>","rootId":"using-django","toc":[],"breadcrumbs":[],"prev":{"docname":"intro/contributing","title":"编写你的第一个 Django 补丁","url":"/zh-hans/3.2/intro/contributing/"},"next":{"docname":"topics/install","title":"如何安装 Django","url":"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/install/"},"formats":{"html":"/zh-hans/3.2/topics/","markdown":"/zh-hans/3.2/topics.md","json":"/zh-hans/3.2/topics.json"},"source":"https://github.com/django/django/blob/stable/3.2.x/docs/topics/index.txt","official":"https://docs.djangoproject.com/zh-hans/3.2/topics/","inVersions":["6.1","6.0","5.2","5.1","5.0","4.2","4.1","4.0","3.2","3.1","3.0","2.2","2.1","2.0"],"inLocales":["en","zh-hans","fr","ja","id","it","pt-br","ko","es","el","pl"]}