{"title":"如何在 Windows 上安装 Django","version":"2.2","locale":"zh-hans","docname":"howto/windows","url":"/zh-hans/2.2/howto/windows/","canonical":"https://djangodocs.dev/zh-hans/2.2/howto/windows/","summary":"本文会通过安装在 Windows 上安装 Python 3.5 和 Django 指导你。同时也提供了关于安装 virtualenv 和 virtualenvwrapper 的介绍，它们使得编写 Python 工程变的非常简单。这是为从事 Django 项目的用户提供的入门指南，而介绍为 Django 本身开发补丁时该如何安装…","html":"<h1>如何在 Windows 上安装 Django<a class=\"heading-anchor\" href=\"#how-to-install-django-on-windows\"><span class=\"visually-hidden\">Link to this heading</span><span aria-hidden=\"true\">#</span></a></h1>\n<p>本文会通过安装在 Windows 上安装 Python 3.5 和 Django 指导你。同时也提供了关于安装 <a class=\"reference external\" href=\"https://pypi.org/project/virtualenv/\">virtualenv</a> 和 virtualenvwrapper 的介绍，它们使得编写 Python 工程变的非常简单。这是为从事 Django 项目的用户提供的入门指南，而介绍为 Django 本身开发补丁时该如何安装 Django。</p>\n<p>下列步骤已在 Windows 7, 8 和 10 上测试通过。其它版本上，步骤类似。你需要熟悉如何使用 Windows 的命令提示符。</p>\n<section id=\"install-python\">\n<h2>安装Python<a class=\"heading-anchor\" href=\"#install-python\"><span class=\"visually-hidden\">Link to this heading</span><span aria-hidden=\"true\">#</span></a></h2>\n<p>Django 是一个 Python Web 框架，因此需要在您的机器上安装 Python。在本文撰写时，Python 最新的版本是 3.5。</p>\n<p>为了把 Python 安装到你的机器上，请打开https://python.org/downloads/。这个网站应该为你提供了一个最新的 Python 版本的下载按钮。下载可执行安装包并且运行它。运行后，选择把 <code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\"><span class=\"pre\">Python</span> <span class=\"pre\">3.5</span> <span class=\"pre\">添加到环境变量</span></code> ，然后点击``马上安装``。</p>\n<p>安装后，打开命令提示符，检查 Python 版本是否与你装的一致，通过运行:</p>\n<div class=\"code-block\" data-language=\"default\"><div class=\"code-block-toolbar\"><span class=\"code-block-language\">Code</span><button type=\"button\" class=\"copy-button\" data-copy hidden><span class=\"copy-button-label\">Copy</span></button></div><pre role=\"group\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-label=\"Code code\"><code><span class=\"n\">python</span> <span class=\"o\">--</span><span class=\"n\">version</span>\n</code></pre></div>\n</section>\n<section id=\"about-pip\">\n<h2>关于 <code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\"><span class=\"pre\">pip</span></code><a class=\"heading-anchor\" href=\"#about-pip\"><span class=\"visually-hidden\">Link to this heading</span><span aria-hidden=\"true\">#</span></a></h2>\n<p><a class=\"reference external\" href=\"https://pypi.org/project/pip/\">pip</a> 是 Python 的包管理器。它使得 Python 包（例如 Django）的安装和卸载变的非常简单。剩下的安装流程中，我们会用 <code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\"><span class=\"pre\">pip</span></code> 从命令行安装 Python 包。</p>\n<p>想要在您的机器上安装 pip，请转至 <a class=\"reference external\" href=\"https://pip.pypa.io/en/latest/installing/\">https://pip.pypa.io/en/latest/installing/</a>，并按照 <code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\"><span class=\"pre\">通过</span> <span class=\"pre\">get-pip.py</span> <span class=\"pre\">安装</span></code> 说明进行操作。</p>\n</section>\n<section id=\"install-virtualenv-and-virtualenvwrapper\">\n<h2>安装 <code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\"><span class=\"pre\">virtualenv</span></code> 和 <code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\"><span class=\"pre\">virtualenvwrapper</span></code><a class=\"heading-anchor\" href=\"#install-virtualenv-and-virtualenvwrapper\"><span class=\"visually-hidden\">Link to this heading</span><span aria-hidden=\"true\">#</span></a></h2>\n<p><a class=\"reference external\" href=\"https://pypi.org/project/virtualenv/\">virtualenv</a> 和 <a class=\"reference external\" href=\"https://pypi.org/project/virtualenvwrapper-win/\">virtualenvwrapper</a> 为每个 Django 项目提供独立环境。虽然不是必要的，但这是个不错的主意，会在你准备部署项目时节约时间。仅需输入:</p>\n<div class=\"code-block\" data-language=\"default\"><div class=\"code-block-toolbar\"><span class=\"code-block-language\">Code</span><button type=\"button\" class=\"copy-button\" data-copy hidden><span class=\"copy-button-label\">Copy</span></button></div><pre role=\"group\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-label=\"Code code\"><code><span class=\"n\">pip</span> <span class=\"n\">install</span> <span class=\"n\">virtualenvwrapper</span><span class=\"o\">-</span><span class=\"n\">win</span>\n</code></pre></div>\n<p>然后为您的项目创建一个虚拟环境:</p>\n<div class=\"code-block\" data-language=\"default\"><div class=\"code-block-toolbar\"><span class=\"code-block-language\">Code</span><button type=\"button\" class=\"copy-button\" data-copy hidden><span class=\"copy-button-label\">Copy</span></button></div><pre role=\"group\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-label=\"Code code\"><code><span class=\"n\">mkvirtualenv</span> <span class=\"n\">myproject</span>\n</code></pre></div>\n<p>虚拟环境会自动激活，你能在命令提示符旁边看到 &quot;(myproject)&quot; 指向该环境。若你打开了新的命令提示符，你需要用以下代码再次激活它:</p>\n<div class=\"code-block\" data-language=\"default\"><div class=\"code-block-toolbar\"><span class=\"code-block-language\">Code</span><button type=\"button\" class=\"copy-button\" data-copy hidden><span class=\"copy-button-label\">Copy</span></button></div><pre role=\"group\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-label=\"Code code\"><code><span class=\"n\">workon</span> <span class=\"n\">myproject</span>\n</code></pre></div>\n</section>\n<section id=\"install-django\">\n<h2>安装 Django<a class=\"heading-anchor\" href=\"#install-django\"><span class=\"visually-hidden\">Link to this heading</span><span aria-hidden=\"true\">#</span></a></h2>\n<p>Django 可以轻松地在你的虚拟环境中使用 <code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\"><span class=\"pre\">pip</span></code> 安装。</p>\n<p>在命令提示行中，确认虚拟环境是激活的，然后运行以下命令:</p>\n<div class=\"code-block\" data-language=\"default\"><div class=\"code-block-toolbar\"><span class=\"code-block-language\">Code</span><button type=\"button\" class=\"copy-button\" data-copy hidden><span class=\"copy-button-label\">Copy</span></button></div><pre role=\"group\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-label=\"Code code\"><code><span class=\"n\">pip</span> <span class=\"n\">install</span> <span class=\"n\">django</span>\n</code></pre></div>\n<p>这将下载并安装最新的 Django 发布版本。</p>\n<p>安装完成后，你可以在命令提示符运行 <code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\"><span class=\"pre\">django-admin</span> <span class=\"pre\">--version</span></code> 验证你安装的 Django。</p>\n<p>参考 <span class=\"xref std std-ref\">数据库安装</span> 了解如何通过 Django 安装数据库。</p>\n</section>\n<section id=\"common-pitfalls\">\n<h2>常见失误<a class=\"heading-anchor\" href=\"#common-pitfalls\"><span class=\"visually-hidden\">Link to this heading</span><span aria-hidden=\"true\">#</span></a></h2>\n<ul>\n<li><p>若 <code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\"><span class=\"pre\">django-admin</span></code> 无论输入啥参数都只显示帮助信息，这可能是一个 Windos 的文件关联问题。检查 <code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\"><span class=\"pre\">PATH</span></code> 中是否不止一个用于运行 Python 脚本的环境变量。该问题通常在安装了多个 Python 版本时出现。</p></li>\n<li><p>若你通过代理连接互联网，运行命令 <code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\"><span class=\"pre\">pip</span> <span class=\"pre\">install</span> <span class=\"pre\">django</span></code> 时可能会有问题。在命令提示符中为代理配置如下环境变量:</p>\n<div class=\"code-block\" data-language=\"default\"><div class=\"code-block-toolbar\"><span class=\"code-block-language\">Code</span><button type=\"button\" class=\"copy-button\" data-copy hidden><span class=\"copy-button-label\">Copy</span></button></div><pre role=\"group\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-label=\"Code code\"><code><span class=\"nb\">set</span> <span class=\"n\">http_proxy</span><span class=\"o\">=</span><span class=\"n\">http</span><span class=\"p\">:</span><span class=\"o\">//</span><span class=\"n\">username</span><span class=\"p\">:</span><span class=\"n\">password</span><span class=\"nd\">@proxyserver</span><span class=\"p\">:</span><span class=\"n\">proxyport</span>\n<span class=\"nb\">set</span> <span class=\"n\">https_proxy</span><span class=\"o\">=</span><span class=\"n\">https</span><span class=\"p\">:</span><span class=\"o\">//</span><span class=\"n\">username</span><span class=\"p\">:</span><span class=\"n\">password</span><span class=\"nd\">@proxyserver</span><span class=\"p\">:</span><span class=\"n\">proxyport</span>\n</code></pre></div>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</section>","rootId":"how-to-install-django-on-windows","toc":[{"title":"安装Python","anchor":"install-python","children":[]},{"title":"关于 pip","anchor":"about-pip","children":[]},{"title":"安装 virtualenv 和 virtualenvwrapper","anchor":"install-virtualenv-and-virtualenvwrapper","children":[]},{"title":"安装 Django","anchor":"install-django","children":[]},{"title":"常见失误","anchor":"common-pitfalls","children":[]}],"breadcrumbs":[{"docname":"howto/index","title":"操作指南","url":"/zh-hans/2.2/howto/"}],"prev":{"docname":"howto/static-files/index","title":"管理静态文件（比如图片、JavaScript、CSS）","url":"/zh-hans/2.2/howto/static-files/"},"next":{"docname":"howto/writing-migrations","title":"编写数据库迁移语句","url":"/zh-hans/2.2/howto/writing-migrations/"},"formats":{"html":"/zh-hans/2.2/howto/windows/","markdown":"/zh-hans/2.2/howto/windows.md","json":"/zh-hans/2.2/howto/windows.json"},"source":"https://github.com/django/django/blob/stable/2.2.x/docs/howto/windows.txt","official":"https://docs.djangoproject.com/zh-hans/2.2/howto/windows/","inVersions":["6.1","6.0","5.2","5.1","5.0","4.2","4.1","4.0","3.2","3.1","3.0","2.2","2.1","2.0"],"inLocales":["en","zh-hans","fr","ja","id","pt-br","ko","es","el","pl"]}