{"title":"Django 文档内容","version":"2.1","locale":"zh-hans","docname":"contents","url":"/zh-hans/2.1/contents/","canonical":"https://djangodocs.dev/zh-hans/2.1/contents/","summary":"Django 文档内容: 开始, Using Django, \"How-to\" guides, Django FAQ, API Reference, 元文件和杂记, 术语, Release notes, Django internals.","html":"<h1>Django 文档内容<a class=\"heading-anchor\" href=\"#django-documentation-contents\"><span class=\"visually-hidden\">Link to this heading</span><span aria-hidden=\"true\">#</span></a></h1>\n<div class=\"toctree-wrapper compound\">\n</div>\n<div class=\"toctree-wrapper compound\">\n<ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l1\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/intro/\">开始</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/intro/overview/\">初识 Django</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/intro/overview/#design-your-model\">设计模型</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/intro/overview/#install-it\">应用数据模型</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/intro/overview/#enjoy-the-free-api\">享用便捷的 API</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/intro/overview/#a-dynamic-admin-interface-it-s-not-just-scaffolding-it-s-the-whole-house\">一个动态管理接口：并非徒有其表</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/intro/overview/#design-your-urls\">规划 URLs</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/intro/overview/#write-your-views\">编写视图</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/intro/overview/#design-your-templates\">设计模板</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/intro/overview/#this-is-just-the-surface\">这仅是基本入门知识</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/intro/install/\">快速安装指南</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/intro/install/#install-python\">安装 Python</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/intro/install/#set-up-a-database\">设置数据库</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/intro/install/#install-django\">安装 Django</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/intro/install/#verifying\">验证</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/intro/install/#that-s-it\">搞定！</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/intro/tutorial01/\">编写你的第一个 Django 应用，第 1 部分</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/intro/tutorial01/#creating-a-project\">创建项目</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/intro/tutorial01/#the-development-server\">用于开发的简易服务器</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/intro/tutorial01/#creating-the-polls-app\">创建投票应用</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/intro/tutorial01/#write-your-first-view\">编写第一个视图</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/intro/tutorial02/\">编写你的第一个 Django 应用，第 2 部分</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/intro/tutorial02/#database-setup\">数据库配置</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/intro/tutorial02/#creating-models\">创建模型</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/intro/tutorial02/#activating-models\">激活模型</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/intro/tutorial02/#playing-with-the-api\">初试 API</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/intro/tutorial02/#introducing-the-django-admin\">介绍 Django 管理页面</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/intro/tutorial03/\">编写你的第一个 Django 应用，第 3 部分</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/intro/tutorial03/#overview\">概况</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/intro/tutorial03/#writing-more-views\">编写更多视图</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/intro/tutorial03/#write-views-that-actually-do-something\">写一个真正有用的视图</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/intro/tutorial03/#raising-a-404-error\">抛出 404 错误</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/intro/tutorial03/#use-the-template-system\">使用模板系统</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/intro/tutorial03/#removing-hardcoded-urls-in-templates\">去除模板中的硬编码 URL</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/intro/tutorial03/#namespacing-url-names\">为 URL 名称添加命名空间</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/intro/tutorial04/\">编写你的第一个 Django 应用，第 4 部分</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/intro/tutorial04/#write-a-simple-form\">编写一个简单的表单</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/intro/tutorial04/#use-generic-views-less-code-is-better\">使用通用视图：代码还是少点好</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/intro/tutorial05/\">编写你的第一个 Django 应用，第 5 部分</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/intro/tutorial05/#introducing-automated-testing\">自动化测试简介</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/intro/tutorial05/#basic-testing-strategies\">基础测试策略</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/intro/tutorial05/#writing-our-first-test\">开始写我们的第一个测试</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/intro/tutorial05/#test-a-view\">测试视图</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/intro/tutorial05/#when-testing-more-is-better\">当需要测试的时候，测试用例越多越好</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/intro/tutorial05/#further-testing\">深入代码测试</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/intro/tutorial05/#what-s-next\">接下来要做什么？</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/intro/tutorial06/\">编写你的第一个 Django 应用，第 6 部分</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/intro/tutorial06/#customize-your-app-s-look-and-feel\">自定义 <em>应用</em> 的界面和风格</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/intro/tutorial06/#adding-a-background-image\">添加一个背景图</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/intro/tutorial07/\">编写你的第一个 Django 应用，第 7 部分</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/intro/tutorial07/#customize-the-admin-form\">自定义后台表单</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/intro/tutorial07/#adding-related-objects\">添加关联的对象</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/intro/tutorial07/#customize-the-admin-change-list\">自定义后台更改列表</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/intro/tutorial07/#customize-the-admin-look-and-feel\">自定义后台界面和风格</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/intro/tutorial07/#customize-the-admin-index-page\">自定义后台主页</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/intro/tutorial07/#what-s-next\">接下来要做什么？</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/intro/reusable-apps/\">进阶指南：如何编写可重用程序</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/intro/reusable-apps/#reusability-matters\">可重用性很重要</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/intro/reusable-apps/#your-project-and-your-reusable-app\">你的项目和可复用应用</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/intro/reusable-apps/#installing-some-prerequisites\">安装必须环境</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/intro/reusable-apps/#packaging-your-app\">打包你的应用</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/intro/reusable-apps/#using-your-own-package\">使用你自己的包名</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/intro/reusable-apps/#publishing-your-app\">发布你的应用</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/intro/reusable-apps/#installing-python-packages-with-virtualenv\">通过 virtualenv 安装 Python 包</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/intro/whatsnext/\">下一步看什么</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/intro/whatsnext/#finding-documentation\">查找文档</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/intro/whatsnext/#how-the-documentation-is-organized\">文档是如何组成</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/intro/whatsnext/#how-documentation-is-updated\">这个文档是如何更新的</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/intro/whatsnext/#where-to-get-it\">从哪里获取这个</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/intro/whatsnext/#differences-between-versions\">版本之间的差异</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/intro/contributing/\">编写你的第一个 Django 补丁</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/intro/contributing/#introduction\">介绍</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/intro/contributing/#code-of-conduct\">代码规范</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/intro/contributing/#installing-git\">安装Git</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/intro/contributing/#getting-a-copy-of-django-s-development-version\">获得一个 Django 开发版本的副本</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/intro/contributing/#running-django-s-test-suite-for-the-first-time\">首先运行 Django 的测试套件</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/intro/contributing/#working-on-a-feature\">尝试搞定一项新功能</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/intro/contributing/#creating-a-branch-for-your-patch\">为你的补丁创建一个分支</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/intro/contributing/#writing-some-tests-for-your-ticket\">为你的工单写一些测试用例</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/intro/contributing/#writing-the-code-for-your-ticket\">为你的工单编写代码</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/intro/contributing/#running-django-s-test-suite-for-the-second-time\">第二次运行 Django 测试套件</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/intro/contributing/#writing-documentation\">书写文档</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/intro/contributing/#previewing-your-changes\">预览你的修改</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/intro/contributing/#committing-the-changes-in-the-patch\">提交补丁中的修改</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/intro/contributing/#pushing-the-commit-and-making-a-pull-request\">推送这次提交并生成一个 pull 请求</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/intro/contributing/#next-steps\">下一步</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l1\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/\">Using Django</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/install/\">如何安装Django</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/install/#install-python\">安装Python</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/install/#install-apache-and-mod-wsgi\">安装Apache和 <code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\">mod_wsgi</code></a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/install/#get-your-database-running\">运行你的数据库</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/install/#install-the-django-code\">安装Django代码</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/db/\">模型和数据库</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/db/models/\">模型</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/db/queries/\">进行查询</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/db/aggregation/\">聚合</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/db/search/\">搜索</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/db/managers/\">Managers</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/db/sql/\">Performing raw SQL queries</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/db/transactions/\">数据库事务</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/db/multi-db/\">Multiple databases</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/db/tablespaces/\">Tablespaces</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/db/optimization/\">Database access optimization</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/db/instrumentation/\">Database instrumentation</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/db/examples/\">Examples of model relationship API usage</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/http/\">处理 HTTP 请求</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/http/urls/\">URL调度器</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/http/views/\">Writing views</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/http/decorators/\">View decorators</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/http/file-uploads/\">文件上传</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/http/shortcuts/\">Django快捷函数</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/http/generic-views/\">通用视图</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/http/middleware/\">中间件</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/http/sessions/\">如何使用会话</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/forms/\">使用表单</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/forms/#html-forms\">HTML表单</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/forms/#django-s-role-in-forms\">Django在表单中的角色</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/forms/#forms-in-django\">Django 中的表单</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/forms/#building-a-form\">构建一张表单</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/forms/#more-about-django-form-classes\">详解Django <code class=\"xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate\">Form</code> 类</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/forms/#working-with-form-templates\">使用表单模板</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/forms/#further-topics\">更多相关主题</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/templates/\">模板</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/templates/#support-for-template-engines\">模板引擎的支持</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/templates/#the-django-template-language\">The Django template language</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/class-based-views/\">基于类的视图</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/class-based-views/intro/\">基于类的视图</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/class-based-views/generic-display/\">Built-in class-based generic views</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/class-based-views/generic-editing/\">Form handling with class-based views</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/class-based-views/mixins/\">Using mixins with class-based views</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/class-based-views/#basic-examples\">Basic examples</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/class-based-views/#simple-usage-in-your-urlconf\">Simple usage in your URLconf</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/class-based-views/#subclassing-generic-views\">Subclassing generic views</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/migrations/\">Migrations</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/migrations/#the-commands\">The Commands</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/migrations/#backend-support\">Backend Support</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/migrations/#workflow\">Workflow</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/migrations/#dependencies\">Dependencies</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/migrations/#migration-files\">Migration files</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/migrations/#adding-migrations-to-apps\">Adding migrations to apps</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/migrations/#historical-models\">Historical models</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/migrations/#considerations-when-removing-model-fields\">Considerations when removing model fields</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/migrations/#data-migrations\">Data Migrations</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/migrations/#squashing-migrations\">Squashing migrations</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/migrations/#serializing-values\">Serializing values</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/migrations/#supporting-multiple-django-versions\">Supporting multiple Django versions</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/files/\">Managing files</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/files/#using-files-in-models\">Using files in models</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/files/#the-file-object\">The <code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\">File</code> object</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/files/#file-storage\">File storage</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/testing/\">Testing in Django</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/testing/overview/\">Writing and running tests</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/testing/tools/\">Testing tools</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/testing/advanced/\">Advanced testing topics</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/auth/\">Django中的用户认证</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/auth/#overview\">概况</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/auth/#installation\">安装</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/auth/#usage\">Usage</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/cache/\">Django's cache framework</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/cache/#setting-up-the-cache\">Setting up the cache</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/cache/#the-per-site-cache\">The per-site cache</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/cache/#the-per-view-cache\">The per-view cache</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/cache/#template-fragment-caching\">Template fragment caching</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/cache/#the-low-level-cache-api\">The low-level cache API</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/cache/#downstream-caches\">下游缓存</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/cache/#using-vary-headers\">使用 <code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\">Vary</code> 标头</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/cache/#controlling-cache-using-other-headers\">使用其他标头控制高速缓存</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/cache/#order-of-middleware\"> ``MIDDLEWARE``顺序</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/conditional-view-processing/\">Conditional View Processing</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/conditional-view-processing/#the-condition-decorator\">The <code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\">condition</code> decorator</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/conditional-view-processing/#shortcuts-for-only-computing-one-value\">Shortcuts for only computing one value</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/conditional-view-processing/#using-the-decorators-with-other-http-methods\">Using the decorators with other HTTP methods</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/conditional-view-processing/#comparison-with-middleware-conditional-processing\">Comparison with middleware conditional processing</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/signing/\">Cryptographic signing</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/signing/#protecting-the-secret-key\">Protecting the <code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\">SECRET_KEY</code></a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/signing/#using-the-low-level-api\">Using the low-level API</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/email/\">Sending email</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/email/#quick-example\">快速上手</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/email/#send-mail\"><code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\">send_mail()</code></a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/email/#send-mass-mail\"><code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\">send_mass_mail()</code></a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/email/#mail-admins\"><code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\">mail_admins()</code></a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/email/#mail-managers\"><code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\">mail_managers()</code></a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/email/#examples\">示例</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/email/#preventing-header-injection\">Preventing header injection</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/email/#the-emailmessage-class\">The <code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\">EmailMessage</code> class</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/email/#email-backends\">Email backends</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/email/#configuring-email-for-development\">Configuring email for development</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/i18n/\">国际化和本地化</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/i18n/#overview\">概况</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/i18n/#definitions\">Definitions</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/logging/\">日志</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/logging/#a-quick-logging-primer\">日志管理快速入门</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/logging/#using-logging\">使用 logging 模块</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/logging/#configuring-logging\">日志模块的配置</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/logging/#django-s-logging-extensions\">Django's logging extensions</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/logging/#django-s-default-logging-configuration\">Django's default logging configuration</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/pagination/\">分页</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/pagination/#example\">例如</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/pagination/#using-paginator-in-a-view\">在视图中使用 <code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\">Paginator</code></a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/pagination/#paginator-objects\"><code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\">Paginator</code> 对象</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/pagination/#invalidpage-exceptions\"><code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\">InvalidPage</code> exceptions</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/pagination/#page-objects\"><code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\">Page</code> objects</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/security/\">Security in Django</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/security/#cross-site-scripting-xss-protection\">Cross site scripting (XSS) protection</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/security/#cross-site-request-forgery-csrf-protection\">Cross site request forgery (CSRF) protection</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/security/#sql-injection-protection\">SQL injection protection</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/security/#clickjacking-protection\">Clickjacking protection</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/security/#ssl-https\">SSL/HTTPS</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/security/#host-header-validation\">Host header validation</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/security/#session-security\">Session security</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/security/#user-uploaded-content\">User-uploaded content</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/security/#additional-security-topics\">Additional security topics</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/performance/\">性能和优化</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/performance/#introduction\">介绍</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/performance/#general-approaches\">一般方法</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/performance/#caching\">Caching</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/performance/#understanding-laziness\">Understanding laziness</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/performance/#databases\">Databases</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/performance/#http-performance\">HTTP performance</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/performance/#template-performance\">Template performance</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/performance/#using-different-versions-of-available-software\">Using different versions of available software</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/serialization/\">Serializing Django objects</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/serialization/#serializing-data\">Serializing data</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/serialization/#deserializing-data\">Deserializing data</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/serialization/#serialization-formats\">Serialization formats</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/serialization/#natural-keys\">Natural keys</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/settings/\">Django settings</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/settings/#the-basics\">基础</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/settings/#designating-the-settings\">指定配置文件</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/settings/#default-settings\">默认配置</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/settings/#using-settings-in-python-code\">在Python代码中使用settings</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/settings/#altering-settings-at-runtime\">运行时更改设置</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/settings/#security\">安全</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/settings/#available-settings\">可用的配置项</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/settings/#creating-your-own-settings\">创建你自己的配置文件</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/settings/#using-settings-without-setting-django-settings-module\">Using settings without setting <code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\">DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE</code></a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/signals/\">信号</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/signals/#listening-to-signals\">Listening to signals</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/signals/#defining-and-sending-signals\">Defining and sending signals</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/signals/#disconnecting-signals\">Disconnecting signals</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/checks/\">系统检查框架</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/checks/#writing-your-own-checks\">Writing your own checks</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/external-packages/\">External packages</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/external-packages/#localflavor\">Localflavor</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/external-packages/#comments\">注释(Comments)</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/topics/external-packages/#formtools\">Formtools</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l1\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/howto/\">&quot;How-to&quot; guides</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/howto/auth-remote-user/\">使用 <code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\">REMOTE_USER</code> 进行身份验证</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/howto/auth-remote-user/#configuration\">配置</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/howto/auth-remote-user/#using-remote-user-on-login-pages-only\">仅在登录界面使用 <code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\">REMOTE_USER</code></a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/howto/custom-management-commands/\">编写自定义 <code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\">django-admin</code> 的命令</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/howto/custom-management-commands/#accepting-optional-arguments\">接受可选参数</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/howto/custom-management-commands/#management-commands-and-locales\">Management commands and locales</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/howto/custom-management-commands/#testing\">测试中</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/howto/custom-management-commands/#overriding-commands\">覆盖命令</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/howto/custom-management-commands/#command-objects\">命令对象</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/howto/custom-model-fields/\">编写自定义 model fields</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/howto/custom-model-fields/#introduction\">介绍</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/howto/custom-model-fields/#background-theory\">背后的理论</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/howto/custom-model-fields/#writing-a-field-subclass\">编写一个 field 子类</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/howto/custom-model-fields/#writing-a-filefield-subclass\">编写一个 <code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\">FileField</code> 子类</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/howto/custom-lookups/\">自定义查找</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/howto/custom-lookups/#a-simple-lookup-example\">一个简单的查找示例</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/howto/custom-lookups/#a-simple-transformer-example\">让我们举一个简单的转换器示例</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/howto/custom-lookups/#writing-an-efficient-abs-lt-lookup\">编写一个高效的 <code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\">abs__lt</code> 查找</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/howto/custom-lookups/#a-bilateral-transformer-example\">A bilateral transformer example</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/howto/custom-lookups/#writing-alternative-implementations-for-existing-lookups\">为现有的查找编写代替实现</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/howto/custom-lookups/#how-django-determines-the-lookups-and-transforms-which-are-used\">How Django determines the lookups and transforms which are used</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/howto/custom-template-tags/\">自定义模板（template）的标签（tags）和过滤器（filters）</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/howto/custom-template-tags/#code-layout\">Code layout</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/howto/custom-template-tags/#writing-custom-template-filters\">编写自定义的模板过滤器</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/howto/custom-template-tags/#writing-custom-template-tags\">Writing custom template tags</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/howto/custom-file-storage/\">编写一个自定义存储系统</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/howto/deployment/\">部署Django</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/howto/deployment/wsgi/\">如何使用 WSGI 进行部署</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/howto/deployment/checklist/\">部署清单</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/howto/upgrade-version/\">升级 Django 到最新的版本</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/howto/upgrade-version/#required-reading\">Required Reading</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/howto/upgrade-version/#dependencies\">Dependencies</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/howto/upgrade-version/#resolving-deprecation-warnings\">Resolving deprecation warnings</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/howto/upgrade-version/#installation\">安装</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/howto/upgrade-version/#testing\">测试中</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/howto/upgrade-version/#deployment\">Deployment</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/howto/error-reporting/\">发送错误</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/howto/error-reporting/#email-reports\">通过邮件方式报告</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/howto/error-reporting/#filtering-error-reports\">Filtering error reports</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/howto/initial-data/\">为模型提供初始化的数据</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/howto/initial-data/#providing-initial-data-with-migrations\">Providing initial data with migrations</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/howto/initial-data/#providing-data-with-fixtures\">Providing data with fixtures</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/howto/jython/\">基于 Jython 的 Django</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/howto/legacy-databases/\">Integrating Django with a legacy database</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/howto/legacy-databases/#give-django-your-database-parameters\">Give Django your database parameters</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/howto/legacy-databases/#auto-generate-the-models\">Auto-generate the models</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/howto/legacy-databases/#install-the-core-django-tables\">Install the core Django tables</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/howto/legacy-databases/#test-and-tweak\">Test and tweak</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/howto/outputting-csv/\">Outputting CSV with Django</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/howto/outputting-csv/#using-the-python-csv-library\">Using the Python CSV library</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/howto/outputting-csv/#using-the-template-system\">Using the template system</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/howto/outputting-csv/#other-text-based-formats\">Other text-based formats</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/howto/outputting-pdf/\">Outputting PDFs with Django</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/howto/outputting-pdf/#install-reportlab\">Install ReportLab</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/howto/outputting-pdf/#write-your-view\">Write your view</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/howto/outputting-pdf/#other-formats\">Other formats</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/howto/overriding-templates/\">Overriding templates</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/howto/overriding-templates/#overriding-from-the-project-s-templates-directory\">Overriding from the project's templates directory</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/howto/overriding-templates/#overriding-from-an-app-s-template-directory\">Overriding from an app's template directory</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/howto/static-files/\">Managing static files (e.g. images, JavaScript, CSS)</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/howto/static-files/#configuring-static-files\">Configuring static files</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/howto/static-files/#serving-static-files-during-development\">Serving static files during development</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/howto/static-files/#serving-files-uploaded-by-a-user-during-development\">Serving files uploaded by a user during development</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/howto/static-files/#testing\">测试中</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/howto/static-files/#deployment\">Deployment</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/howto/static-files/#learn-more\">了解更多</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/howto/static-files/deployment/\">Deploying static files</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/howto/static-files/deployment/#serving-static-files-in-production\">Serving static files in production</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/howto/static-files/deployment/#learn-more\">了解更多</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/howto/windows/\">如何在Windows上安装Django</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/howto/windows/#install-python\">安装Python</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/howto/windows/#about-pip\">关于 <code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\">pip</code></a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/howto/windows/#install-virtualenv-and-virtualenvwrapper\">安装 <code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\">virtualenv</code> 和 <code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\">virtualenvwrapper</code></a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/howto/windows/#install-django\">安装Django</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/howto/windows/#common-pitfalls\">Common pitfalls</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/howto/writing-migrations/\">Writing database migrations</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/howto/writing-migrations/#data-migrations-and-multiple-databases\">Data migrations and multiple databases</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/howto/writing-migrations/#migrations-that-add-unique-fields\">Migrations that add unique fields</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/howto/writing-migrations/#controlling-the-order-of-migrations\">Controlling the order of migrations</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/howto/writing-migrations/#migrating-data-between-third-party-apps\">在第三方应用程序中迁移数据</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/howto/writing-migrations/#changing-an-unmanaged-model-to-managed\">将非托管模型变为托管的</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l1\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/faq/\">Django FAQ</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/faq/general/\">FAQ: 概述</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/faq/general/#why-does-this-project-exist\">这个项目因何存在。</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/faq/general/#what-does-django-mean-and-how-do-you-pronounce-it\">“Django”是什么意思，怎么发音？</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/faq/general/#is-django-stable\">Django 稳定吗?</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/faq/general/#does-django-scale\">Django 可扩展吗?</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/faq/general/#who-s-behind-this\">谁在这背后？</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/faq/general/#which-sites-use-django\">哪些站点使用 Django?</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/faq/general/#django-appears-to-be-a-mvc-framework-but-you-call-the-controller-the-view-and-the-view-the-template-how-come-you-don-t-use-the-standard-names\">Django 似乎是一个 MVC 框架，但是您将控制器称为“视图”，并视图称为“模板”。 为什么不使用标准命名？</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/faq/general/#framework-x-does-feature-y-why-doesn-t-django\">&lt;Framework X&gt;可以做到&lt;feature Y&gt;--为什么 Django 不能呢？</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/faq/general/#why-did-you-write-all-of-django-from-scratch-instead-of-using-other-python-libraries\">为什么你要从头开始写所有的 Django 项目，而不是使用其他 Python 库？</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/faq/general/#is-django-a-content-management-system-cms\">Django 是个内容管理系统(CMS)吗?</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/faq/general/#how-can-i-download-the-django-documentation-to-read-it-offline\">我如何下载 Django 文档进行离线阅读？</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/faq/general/#how-do-i-cite-django\">如何引用 Django？</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/faq/install/\">FAQ：安装</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/faq/install/#how-do-i-get-started\">如何开始？</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/faq/install/#what-are-django-s-prerequisites\">使用Django，需要做好什么准备？</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/faq/install/#what-python-version-can-i-use-with-django\">我应该使用哪个版本的 Python 来配合 Django?</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/faq/install/#what-python-version-should-i-use-with-django\">我应该选用什么版本的 Python 来使用 Django ？</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/faq/install/#should-i-use-the-stable-version-or-development-version\">我应该使用稳定版本还是开发版本？</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/faq/usage/\">FAQ: 使用Django</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/faq/usage/#why-do-i-get-an-error-about-importing-django-settings-module\">为什么我在导入 DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE 时收到错误提示？</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/faq/usage/#i-can-t-stand-your-template-language-do-i-have-to-use-it\">我不喜欢 Django 的模板语言，能不能不使用它？</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/faq/usage/#do-i-have-to-use-your-model-database-layer\">我是否必须使用你的模型/数据库层？</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/faq/usage/#how-do-i-use-image-and-file-fields\">我要怎么使用图片和文件字段？</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/faq/usage/#how-do-i-make-a-variable-available-to-all-my-templates\">我如何让一个变量可用于我的所有模板之中？</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/faq/help/\">FAQ:获取帮助</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/faq/help/#how-do-i-do-x-why-doesn-t-y-work-where-can-i-go-to-get-help\">我该如何做 X？Y为什么不工作？我可以去哪里寻求帮助？</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/faq/help/#why-hasn-t-my-message-appeared-on-django-users\">为什么我的信息没有出现在 `django-users`上面？</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/faq/help/#nobody-on-django-users-answered-my-question-what-should-i-do\">没人在 Django-users 邮件列表上回答我的问题！我应该怎么办呢？</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/faq/help/#i-think-i-ve-found-a-bug-what-should-i-do\">我认为我找到了个bug！我应该做什么呢？</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/faq/help/#i-think-i-ve-found-a-security-problem-what-should-i-do\">我认为我已经发现了个安全问题！我应该做什么？</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/faq/models/\">FAQ：数据库和模型</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/faq/models/#how-can-i-see-the-raw-sql-queries-django-is-running\">我该如何在Django运行的过程中看到SQL查询？</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/faq/models/#can-i-use-django-with-a-pre-existing-database\">我可以让Django用一个之前已经存在的数据库吗？</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/faq/models/#if-i-make-changes-to-a-model-how-do-i-update-the-database\">如果我对一个模型做了改动，我该如何去更新数据库？</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/faq/models/#do-django-models-support-multiple-column-primary-keys\">Django支持多列主键吗？</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/faq/models/#does-django-support-nosql-databases\">Django 支持 NoSQL 数据库吗？</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/faq/models/#how-do-i-add-database-specific-options-to-my-create-table-statements-such-as-specifying-myisam-as-the-table-type\">如何将特定于数据库的选项添加到我的 CREATE TABLE 语句中，例如将 MylSAM 指定为表类型？</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/faq/admin/\">FAQ: 管理</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/faq/admin/#i-can-t-log-in-when-i-enter-a-valid-username-and-password-it-just-brings-up-the-login-page-again-with-no-error-messages\">无法登录。当我输入有效的用户名和密码后，页面再跳转到登录页面，没有显示任何错误信息。</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/faq/admin/#i-can-t-log-in-when-i-enter-a-valid-username-and-password-it-brings-up-the-login-page-again-with-a-please-enter-a-correct-username-and-password-error\">我无法登陆。当我输入有效的用户名和密码后，它又跳转到了登录界面，并且显示一个“请输入正确的用户名和密码”的错误。</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/faq/admin/#how-do-i-automatically-set-a-field-s-value-to-the-user-who-last-edited-the-object-in-the-admin\">在管理面板中，如何将字段的值自动设置为最后编辑它的用户？</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/faq/admin/#how-do-i-limit-admin-access-so-that-objects-can-only-be-edited-by-the-users-who-created-them\">我们如何设定管理权限，以便对象只能由创建它们的用户进行编辑？</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/faq/admin/#my-admin-site-css-and-images-showed-up-fine-using-the-development-server-but-they-re-not-displaying-when-using-mod-wsgi\">管理界面的 CSS 和图片在开发模式下正常加载，但是在使用 mod_wsgi 进行部署的情况下却无法进行加载？</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/faq/admin/#my-list-filter-contains-a-manytomanyfield-but-the-filter-doesn-t-display\">我的“list_filter”包含一个 ManyToManyField (多对多字段)，但过滤器不显示</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/faq/admin/#some-objects-aren-t-appearing-in-the-admin\">有些对象没有在管理中出现。</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/faq/admin/#how-can-i-customize-the-functionality-of-the-admin-interface\">如何个性化管理员后台接口的功能？</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/faq/admin/#the-dynamically-generated-admin-site-is-ugly-how-can-i-change-it\">动态生成的管理页面太丑了。我该怎么换掉它？</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/faq/admin/#what-browsers-are-supported-for-using-the-admin\">Admin 适配了哪些浏览器？</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/faq/contributing/\">FAQ: 贡献代码</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/faq/contributing/#how-can-i-get-started-contributing-code-to-django\">如何为 Django 贡献代码?</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/faq/contributing/#i-submitted-a-bug-fix-in-the-ticket-system-several-weeks-ago-why-are-you-ignoring-my-patch\">我几周之前提交了一个工单系统 bug 的修复。为什么忽略我的提议？</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/faq/contributing/#when-and-how-might-i-remind-the-team-of-a-patch-i-care-about\">何时以及如何提醒团队我所关注的补丁？</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/faq/contributing/#but-i-ve-reminded-you-several-times-and-you-keep-ignoring-my-patch\">但是我已经提醒你好几遍了，你依然继续忽略我的补丁！</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/faq/troubleshooting/\">错误调试</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/faq/troubleshooting/#problems-running-django-admin\">运行``django-admin``时遇到的问题</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/faq/troubleshooting/#miscellaneous\">杂项</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l1\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/\">API Reference</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/applications/\">Applications</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/applications/#projects-and-applications\">Projects and applications</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/applications/#configuring-applications\">Configuring applications</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/applications/#application-configuration\">Application configuration</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/applications/#application-registry\">Application registry</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/applications/#initialization-process\">Initialization process</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/checks/\">System check framework</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/checks/#api-reference\">API reference</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/checks/#builtin-tags\">Builtin tags</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/checks/#core-system-checks\">Core system checks</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/checks/#contrib-app-checks\"><code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\">contrib</code> app checks</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/class-based-views/\">Built-in class-based views API</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/class-based-views/base/\">Base views</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/class-based-views/generic-display/\">Generic display views</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/class-based-views/generic-editing/\">Generic editing views</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/class-based-views/generic-date-based/\">Generic date views</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/class-based-views/mixins/\">Class-based views mixins</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/class-based-views/flattened-index/\">Class-based generic views - flattened index</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/class-based-views/#specification\">Specification</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/class-based-views/#base-vs-generic-views\">Base vs Generic views</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/clickjacking/\">Clickjacking Protection</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/clickjacking/#an-example-of-clickjacking\">An example of clickjacking</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/clickjacking/#preventing-clickjacking\">Preventing clickjacking</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/clickjacking/#how-to-use-it\">How to use it</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/clickjacking/#limitations\">Limitations</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/contrib/\"><code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\">contrib</code> packages</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/contrib/admin/\">The Django admin site</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/contrib/auth/\"><code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\">django.contrib.auth</code></a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/contrib/contenttypes/\">The contenttypes framework</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/contrib/flatpages/\">The flatpages app</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/contrib/gis/\">GeoDjango</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/contrib/humanize/\"><code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\">django.contrib.humanize</code></a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/contrib/messages/\">The messages framework</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/contrib/postgres/\"><code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\">django.contrib.postgres</code></a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/contrib/redirects/\">The redirects app</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/contrib/sitemaps/\">The sitemap framework</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/contrib/sites/\">The &quot;sites&quot; framework</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/contrib/staticfiles/\">The <code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\">staticfiles</code> app</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/contrib/syndication/\">The syndication feed framework</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/contrib/#admin\"><code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\">admin</code></a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/contrib/#auth\"><code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\">auth</code></a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/contrib/#contenttypes\"><code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\">contenttypes</code></a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/contrib/#flatpages\"><code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\">flatpages</code></a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/contrib/#gis\"><code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\">gis</code></a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/contrib/#humanize\"><code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\">humanize</code></a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/contrib/#messages\"><code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\">messages</code></a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/contrib/#postgres\"><code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\">postgres</code></a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/contrib/#redirects\"><code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\">redirects</code></a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/contrib/#sessions\"><code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\">sessions</code></a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/contrib/#sites\"><code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\">sites</code></a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/contrib/#sitemaps\"><code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\">sitemaps</code></a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/contrib/#syndication\"><code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\">syndication</code></a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/contrib/#other-add-ons\">Other add-ons</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/csrf/\">Cross Site Request Forgery protection</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/csrf/#how-to-use-it\">How to use it</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/csrf/#rejected-requests\">Rejected requests</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/csrf/#how-it-works\">How it works</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/csrf/#caching\">Caching</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/csrf/#testing\">Testing</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/csrf/#limitations\">Limitations</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/csrf/#edge-cases\">Edge cases</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/csrf/#contrib-and-reusable-apps\">Contrib and reusable apps</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/csrf/#settings\">Settings</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/csrf/#frequently-asked-questions\">Frequently Asked Questions</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/databases/\">Databases</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/databases/#general-notes\">General notes</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/databases/#postgresql-notes\">PostgreSQL notes</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/databases/#mysql-notes\">MySQL notes</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/databases/#sqlite-notes\">SQLite notes</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/databases/#oracle-notes\">Oracle notes</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/databases/#using-a-3rd-party-database-backend\">Using a 3rd-party database backend</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/django-admin/\"><code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\">django-admin</code> and <code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\">manage.py</code></a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/django-admin/#usage\">Usage</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/django-admin/#available-commands\">Available commands</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/django-admin/#commands-provided-by-applications\">Commands provided by applications</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/django-admin/#default-options\">Default options</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/django-admin/#extra-niceties\">Extra niceties</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/django-admin/#running-management-commands-from-your-code\">Running management commands from your code</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/django-admin/#output-redirection\">Output redirection</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/exceptions/\">Django Exceptions</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/exceptions/#module-django.core.exceptions\">Django Core Exceptions</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/exceptions/#url-resolver-exceptions\">URL Resolver exceptions</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/exceptions/#database-exceptions\">Database Exceptions</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/exceptions/#http-exceptions\">Http Exceptions</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/exceptions/#transaction-exceptions\">Transaction Exceptions</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/exceptions/#testing-framework-exceptions\">Testing Framework Exceptions</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/exceptions/#python-exceptions\">Python Exceptions</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/files/\">File handling</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/files/file/\">The <code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\">File</code> object</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/files/storage/\">File storage API</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/files/uploads/\">Uploaded Files and Upload Handlers</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/forms/\">Forms</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/forms/api/\">The Forms API</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/forms/fields/\">Form fields</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/forms/models/\">Model Form Functions</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/forms/formsets/\">Formset Functions</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/forms/renderers/\">The form rendering API</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/forms/widgets/\">Widgets</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/forms/validation/\">Form and field validation</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/middleware/\">Middleware</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/middleware/#available-middleware\">Available middleware</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/middleware/#middleware-ordering\">Middleware ordering</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/migration-operations/\">Migration Operations</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/migration-operations/#schema-operations\">Schema Operations</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/migration-operations/#special-operations\">Special Operations</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/migration-operations/#writing-your-own\">Writing your own</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/models/\">Models</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/models/fields/\">Model field reference</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/models/fields/#field-attribute-reference\">Field attribute reference</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/models/indexes/\">Model index reference</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/models/meta/\">Model <code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\">_meta</code> API</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/models/relations/\">Related objects reference</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/models/class/\">Model class reference</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/models/options/\">Model <code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\">Meta</code> options</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/models/instances/\">Model instance reference</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/models/querysets/\"><code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\">QuerySet</code> API reference</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/models/lookups/\">Lookup API reference</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/models/expressions/\">Query Expressions</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/models/conditional-expressions/\">Conditional Expressions</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/models/database-functions/\">Database Functions</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/request-response/\">Request and response objects</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/request-response/#quick-overview\">Quick overview</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/request-response/#httprequest-objects\"><code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\">HttpRequest</code> objects</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/request-response/#querydict-objects\"><code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\">QueryDict</code> objects</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/request-response/#httpresponse-objects\"><code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\">HttpResponse</code> objects</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/request-response/#jsonresponse-objects\"><code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\">JsonResponse</code> objects</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/request-response/#streaminghttpresponse-objects\"><code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\">StreamingHttpResponse</code> objects</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/request-response/#fileresponse-objects\"><code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\">FileResponse</code> objects</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/schema-editor/\"><code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\">SchemaEditor</code></a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/schema-editor/#methods\">Methods</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/schema-editor/#attributes\">Attributes</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/settings/\">Settings</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/settings/#core-settings\">Core Settings</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/settings/#auth\">Auth</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/settings/#messages\">Messages</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/settings/#sessions\">Sessions</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/settings/#sites\">Sites</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/settings/#static-files\">Static Files</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/settings/#core-settings-topical-index\">Core Settings Topical Index</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/signals/\">Signals</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/signals/#module-django.db.models.signals\">Model signals</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/signals/#management-signals\">Management signals</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/signals/#module-django.core.signals\">Request/response signals</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/signals/#module-django.test.signals\">Test signals</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/signals/#module-django.db.backends\">Database Wrappers</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/templates/\">Templates</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/templates/language/\">The Django template language</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/templates/builtins/\">Built-in template tags and filters</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/templates/api/\">The Django template language: for Python programmers</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/template-response/\"><code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\">TemplateResponse</code> and <code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\">SimpleTemplateResponse</code></a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/template-response/#simpletemplateresponse-objects\"><code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\">SimpleTemplateResponse</code> objects</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/template-response/#templateresponse-objects\"><code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\">TemplateResponse</code> objects</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/template-response/#the-rendering-process\">The rendering process</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/template-response/#using-templateresponse-and-simpletemplateresponse\">Using <code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\">TemplateResponse</code> and <code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\">SimpleTemplateResponse</code></a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/unicode/\">Unicode data</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/unicode/#creating-the-database\">Creating the database</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/unicode/#general-string-handling\">General string handling</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/unicode/#models\">Models</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/unicode/#templates\">Templates</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/unicode/#files\">Files</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/unicode/#form-submission\">Form submission</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/urlresolvers/\"><code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\">django.urls</code> utility functions</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/urlresolvers/#reverse\"><code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\">reverse()</code></a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/urlresolvers/#reverse-lazy\"><code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\">reverse_lazy()</code></a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/urlresolvers/#resolve\"><code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\">resolve()</code></a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/urlresolvers/#get-script-prefix\"><code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\">get_script_prefix()</code></a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/urls/\"><code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\">django.urls</code> functions for use in URLconfs</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/urls/#path\"><code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\">path()</code></a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/urls/#re-path\"><code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\">re_path()</code></a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/urls/#include\"><code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\">include()</code></a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/urls/#register-converter\"><code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\">register_converter()</code></a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/urls/#module-django.conf.urls\"><code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\">django.conf.urls</code> functions for use in URLconfs</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/urls/#static\"><code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\">static()</code></a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/urls/#url\"><code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\">url()</code></a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/urls/#handler400\"><code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\">handler400</code></a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/urls/#handler403\"><code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\">handler403</code></a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/urls/#handler404\"><code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\">handler404</code></a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/urls/#handler500\"><code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\">handler500</code></a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/utils/\">Django Utils</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/utils/#module-django.utils.cache\"><code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\">django.utils.cache</code></a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/utils/#module-django.utils.dateparse\"><code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\">django.utils.dateparse</code></a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/utils/#module-django.utils.decorators\"><code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\">django.utils.decorators</code></a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/utils/#module-django.utils.encoding\"><code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\">django.utils.encoding</code></a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/utils/#module-django.utils.feedgenerator\"><code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\">django.utils.feedgenerator</code></a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/utils/#module-django.utils.functional\"><code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\">django.utils.functional</code></a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/utils/#module-django.utils.html\"><code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\">django.utils.html</code></a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/utils/#module-django.utils.http\"><code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\">django.utils.http</code></a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/utils/#module-django.utils.module_loading\"><code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\">django.utils.module_loading</code></a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/utils/#module-django.utils.safestring\"><code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\">django.utils.safestring</code></a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/utils/#module-django.utils.text\"><code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\">django.utils.text</code></a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/utils/#module-django.utils.timezone\"><code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\">django.utils.timezone</code></a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/utils/#module-django.utils.translation\"><code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\">django.utils.translation</code></a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/validators/\">Validators</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/validators/#writing-validators\">Writing validators</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/validators/#how-validators-are-run\">How validators are run</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/validators/#built-in-validators\">Built-in validators</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/views/\">Built-in Views</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/views/#serving-files-in-development\">Serving files in development</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/ref/views/#error-views\">Error views</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l1\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/misc/\">元文件和杂记</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/misc/api-stability/\">API 的稳定性</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/misc/api-stability/#what-stable-means\">什么是“稳定性”？</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/misc/api-stability/#stable-apis\">稳定的API</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/misc/api-stability/#exceptions\">例外</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/misc/design-philosophies/\">设计理念</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/misc/design-philosophies/#overall\">总体</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/misc/design-philosophies/#models\">模型</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/misc/design-philosophies/#database-api\">数据库API</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/misc/design-philosophies/#url-design\">URL 设计</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/misc/design-philosophies/#template-system\">模板系统</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/misc/design-philosophies/#views\">视图</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/misc/design-philosophies/#cache-framework\">缓存框架</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/misc/distributions/\">Django 的第三方发布包</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/misc/distributions/#for-distributors\">对于发布者</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l1\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/glossary/\">术语</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l1\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/releases/\">Release notes</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/releases/#final-releases\">Final releases</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/releases/#release\">2.1 release</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/releases/#id1\">2.0 release</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/releases/#id2\">1.11 release</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/releases/#id3\">1.10 release</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/releases/#id4\">1.9 release</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/releases/#id5\">1.8 release</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/releases/#id6\">1.7 release</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/releases/#id7\">1.6 release</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/releases/#id8\">1.5 release</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/releases/#id9\">1.4 release</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/releases/#id10\">1.3 release</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/releases/#id11\">1.2 release</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/releases/#id12\">1.1 release</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/releases/#id13\">1.0 release</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/releases/#pre-1-0-releases\">Pre-1.0 releases</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/releases/#security-releases\">Security releases</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l1\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/internals/\">Django internals</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/internals/contributing/\">建设 Django</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/internals/contributing/new-contributors/\">对新贡献者的建议</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/internals/contributing/bugs-and-features/\">报告问题和请求新功能</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/internals/contributing/triaging-tickets/\">Triaging tickets</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/internals/contributing/writing-code/\">Writing code</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/internals/contributing/writing-documentation/\">编写文档</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/internals/contributing/localizing/\">使 Django 本地化</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/internals/contributing/committing-code/\">提交代码</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/internals/mailing-lists/\">Mailing lists</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/internals/mailing-lists/#django-users\"><code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\">django-users</code></a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/internals/mailing-lists/#django-core-mentorship\"><code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\">django-core-mentorship</code></a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/internals/mailing-lists/#django-developers\"><code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\">django-developers</code></a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/internals/mailing-lists/#django-i18n\"><code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\">django-i18n</code></a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/internals/mailing-lists/#django-announce\"><code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\">django-announce</code></a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/internals/mailing-lists/#django-updates\"><code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\">django-updates</code></a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/internals/organization/\">Organization of the Django Project</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/internals/organization/#principles\">Principles</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/internals/organization/#core-team\">Core team</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/internals/organization/#technical-board\">Technical board</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/internals/organization/#changing-the-organization\">Changing the organization</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/internals/security/\">Django's security policies</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/internals/security/#reporting-security-issues\">Reporting security issues</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/internals/security/#supported-versions\">Supported versions</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/internals/security/#how-django-discloses-security-issues\">How Django discloses security issues</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/internals/security/#who-receives-advance-notification\">Who receives advance notification</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/internals/security/#requesting-notifications\">Requesting notifications</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/internals/release-process/\">Django's release process</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/internals/release-process/#official-releases\">Official releases</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/internals/release-process/#release-cadence\">Release cadence</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/internals/release-process/#deprecation-policy\">Deprecation policy</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/internals/release-process/#supported-versions\">Supported versions</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/internals/release-process/#release-process\">Release process</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/internals/deprecation/\">Django Deprecation Timeline</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/internals/deprecation/#deprecation-removed-in-3-0\">3.0</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/internals/deprecation/#deprecation-removed-in-2-1\">2.1</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/internals/deprecation/#deprecation-removed-in-2-0\">2.0</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/internals/deprecation/#deprecation-removed-in-1-10\">1.10</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/internals/deprecation/#deprecation-removed-in-1-9\">1.9</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/internals/deprecation/#deprecation-removed-in-1-8\">1.8</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/internals/deprecation/#deprecation-removed-in-1-7\">1.7</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/internals/deprecation/#deprecation-removed-in-1-6\">1.6</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/internals/deprecation/#deprecation-removed-in-1-5\">1.5</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/internals/deprecation/#deprecation-removed-in-1-4\">1.4</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/internals/deprecation/#deprecation-removed-in-1-3\">1.3</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/internals/git/\">The Django source code repository</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/internals/git/#high-level-overview\">High-level overview</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/internals/git/#the-master-branch\">The master branch</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/internals/git/#other-branches\">Other branches</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/internals/git/#id1\">标签(Tags)</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l2\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/internals/howto-release-django/\">How is Django Formed?</a><ul>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/internals/howto-release-django/#overview\">概况</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/internals/howto-release-django/#prerequisites\">Prerequisites</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/internals/howto-release-django/#pre-release-tasks\">Pre-release tasks</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/internals/howto-release-django/#preparing-for-release\">Preparing for release</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/internals/howto-release-django/#actually-rolling-the-release\">Actually rolling the release</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/internals/howto-release-django/#making-the-release-s-available-to-the-public\">Making the release(s) available to the public</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/internals/howto-release-django/#post-release\">Post-release</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/internals/howto-release-django/#new-stable-branch-tasks\">New stable branch tasks</a></li>\n<li class=\"toctree-l3\"><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/internals/howto-release-django/#notes-on-setting-the-version-tuple\">Notes on setting the VERSION tuple</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n<section id=\"indices-glossary-and-tables\">\n<h2>索引和词汇表<a class=\"heading-anchor\" href=\"#indices-glossary-and-tables\"><span class=\"visually-hidden\">Link to this heading</span><span aria-hidden=\"true\">#</span></a></h2>\n<ul class=\"simple\">\n<li><p><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/genindex/\"><span class=\"std std-ref\">Index</span></a></p></li>\n<li><p><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/py-modindex/\"><span class=\"std std-ref\">Module Index</span></a></p></li>\n<li><p><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/zh-hans/2.1/glossary/\"><span class=\"doc\">术语</span></a></p></li>\n</ul>\n</section>","rootId":"django-documentation-contents","toc":[{"title":"索引和词汇表","anchor":"indices-glossary-and-tables","children":[]}],"breadcrumbs":[],"prev":null,"next":{"docname":"index","title":"Django 文档","url":"/zh-hans/2.1/"},"formats":{"html":"/zh-hans/2.1/contents/","markdown":"/zh-hans/2.1/contents.md","json":"/zh-hans/2.1/contents.json"},"source":"https://github.com/django/django/blob/stable/2.1.x/docs/contents.txt","official":"https://docs.djangoproject.com/zh-hans/2.1/contents/","inVersions":["6.1","6.0","5.2","5.1","5.0","4.2","4.1","4.0","3.2","3.1","3.0","2.2","2.1","2.0"],"inLocales":["en","zh-hans","fr","ja","id","pt-br","ko","es","el","pl"]}