다음 세 가지 클래스는 Django 뷰를 만드는 데 필요한 많은 기능을 제공합니다. 사용자가 직접 사용하거나 상속할 수 있는 parent 뷰로 생각할 수 있습니다. 프로젝트에 필요한 모든 기능을 제공하지 못할 수 있습니다. 이 경우 Mixins 및 Generic class-based view가 있습니다.
\nDjango의 기본 제공 클래스 기반 뷰 중 많은 것이 다른 클래스 기반 뷰 또는 다양한 믹스인에서 상속됩니다. 이 상속 체인은 매우 중요하기 때문에 상위 클래스는 Ancestors (MRO) 섹션 제목으로 문서화되어 있습니다. MRO는 Method Resolution Order의 약자입니다.
\nViewLink to this heading#기본 뷰 클래스입니다. 다른 모든 클래스 기반 뷰는 이 기본 클래스에서 상속됩니다. 그것은 엄밀히 말하면 일반적인 견해가 아니기 때문에 ``django.views``에서 가져올 수도 있습니다.
\nMethod Flowchart
\n\nExample views.py:
\nfrom django.http import HttpResponse\nfrom django.views import View\n\n\nclass MyView(View):\n def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):\n return HttpResponse("Hello, World!")\nExample urls.py:
\nfrom django.urls import path\n\nfrom myapp.views import MyView\n\nurlpatterns = [\n path("mine/", MyView.as_view(), name="my-view"),\n]\nAttributes
\n이 뷰에서 허용할 HTTP 메서드 이름 목록입니다.
\n기본:
\n["get", "post", "put", "patch", "delete", "head", "options", "trace"]\nMethods
\n요청을 받고 응답을 반환하는 호출 가능 보기를 반환합니다:
\nresponse = MyView.as_view()(request)\n반환된 뷰는 view_class 및 view_initkwargs 속성을 가지고 있습니다.
요청/응답 주기 동안 뷰가 호출되면 setup`메소드는 뷰의 "request" 속성에 :class:`~django.http.HttpRequest`를 할당하고 모든 위치 및/또는 키워드 argument :ref:`captured from the URL pattern <how-django-processes-a-request>를 각각 ``args`() 및 kwargs 속성에 할당합니다. 그러면 :meth:`dispatch`가 호출됩니다.
If a View subclass defines asynchronous (async def) method\nhandlers, as_view() will mark the returned callable as a coroutine\nfunction. An ImproperlyConfigured exception will be raised if both\nasynchronous (async def) and synchronous (def) handlers are\ndefined on a single view-class.
Performs key view initialization prior to dispatch().
Assigns the HttpRequest to the view’s request\nattribute, and any positional and/or keyword arguments\ncaptured from the URL pattern\nto the args and kwargs attributes, respectively.
If overriding this method, you must call super().
The view part of the view – the method that accepts a request\nargument plus arguments, and returns an HTTP response.
The default implementation will inspect the HTTP method and attempt to\ndelegate to a method that matches the HTTP method; a GET will be\ndelegated to get(), a POST to post(), and so on.
By default, a HEAD request will be delegated to get(). If you\nneed to handle HEAD requests in a different way than GET, you\ncan override the head() method. See\n다른 HTTP 메소드 지원 for an example.
If the view was called with an HTTP method it doesn’t support, this\nmethod is called instead.
\nThe default implementation returns HttpResponseNotAllowed with the\nlist of allowed methods in the Allow header, as required by\nRFC 7231. The response body is empty.
Handles responding to requests for the OPTIONS HTTP verb. Returns a\nresponse with the Allow header containing a list of the view’s\nallowed HTTP method names.
If the other HTTP methods handlers on the class are asynchronous\n(async def) then the response will be wrapped in a coroutine\nfunction for use with await.
TemplateViewLink to this heading#Renders a given template, with the context containing parameters captured\nin the URL.
\nAncestors (MRO)
\nThis view inherits methods and attributes from the following views:
\nMethod Flowchart
\n\nExample views.py:
\nfrom django.views.generic.base import TemplateView\n\nfrom articles.models import Article\n\n\nclass HomePageView(TemplateView):\n template_name = "home.html"\n\n def get_context_data(self, **kwargs):\n context = super().get_context_data(**kwargs)\n context["latest_articles"] = Article.objects.all()[:5]\n return context\nExample urls.py:
\nfrom django.urls import path\n\nfrom myapp.views import HomePageView\n\nurlpatterns = [\n path("", HomePageView.as_view(), name="home"),\n]\nContext
\nPopulated (through ContextMixin) with\nthe keyword arguments captured from the URL pattern that served the view.
You can also add context using the\nextra_context keyword\nargument for as_view().
RedirectViewLink to this heading#Redirects to a given URL.
\nThe given URL may contain dictionary-style string formatting, which will be\ninterpolated against the parameters captured in the URL. Because keyword\ninterpolation is always done (even if no arguments are passed in), any\n"%" characters in the URL must be written as "%%" so that Python\nwill convert them to a single percent sign on output.
If the given URL is None, Django will return an HttpResponseGone\n(410).
Ancestors (MRO)
\nThis view inherits methods and attributes from the following view:
\n\nMethod Flowchart
\n\nExample views.py:
\nfrom django.shortcuts import get_object_or_404\nfrom django.views.generic.base import RedirectView\n\nfrom articles.models import Article\n\n\nclass ArticleCounterRedirectView(RedirectView):\n permanent = False\n query_string = True\n pattern_name = "article-detail"\n\n def get_redirect_url(self, *args, **kwargs):\n article = get_object_or_404(Article, pk=kwargs["pk"])\n article.update_counter()\n return super().get_redirect_url(*args, **kwargs)\nExample urls.py:
\nfrom django.urls import path\nfrom django.views.generic.base import RedirectView\n\nfrom article.views import ArticleCounterRedirectView, ArticleDetailView\n\nurlpatterns = [\n path(\n "counter/<int:pk>/",\n ArticleCounterRedirectView.as_view(),\n name="article-counter",\n ),\n path("details/<int:pk>/", ArticleDetailView.as_view(), name="article-detail"),\n path(\n "go-to-django/",\n RedirectView.as_view(url="https://www.djangoproject.com/"),\n name="go-to-django",\n ),\n]\nAttributes
\nThe URL to redirect to, as a string. Or None to raise a 410 (Gone)\nHTTP error.
The name of the URL pattern to redirect to. Reversing will be done\nusing the same args and kwargs as are passed in for this view.
\nWhether the redirect should be permanent. The only difference here is\nthe HTTP status code returned. If True, then the redirect will use\nstatus code 301. If False, then the redirect will use status code\n302. By default, permanent is False.
Whether to pass along the GET query string to the new location. If\nTrue, then the query string is appended to the URL. If False,\nthen the query string is discarded. By default, query_string is\nFalse.
Whether to preserve the HTTP method and body during the redirect. If\nTrue, then the redirect will use status code 307 instead of 302,\nor 308 instead of 301 when permanent is True. By default,\npreserve_request is False.
Methods
\n리다이렉션을 위한 타겟 URL을 생성합니다.
\nThe args and kwargs arguments are positional and/or keyword\narguments captured from the URL pattern, respectively.
The default implementation uses url as a starting\nstring and performs expansion of % named parameters in that string\nusing the named groups captured in the URL.
If url is not set, get_redirect_url() tries to reverse the\npattern_name using what was captured in the URL (both named and\nunnamed groups are used).
If requested by query_string, it will also append the query\nstring to the generated URL.\nSubclasses may implement any behavior they wish, as long as the method\nreturns a redirect-ready URL string.