{"title":"Come integrare Django con un database legacy","version":"6.0","locale":"it","docname":"howto/legacy-databases","url":"/it/6.0/howto/legacy-databases/","canonical":"https://djangodocs.dev/it/6.0/howto/legacy-databases/","summary":"Mentre Django è adatto a sviluppare nuove applicazioni, e tuttavia possibile integrarlo con database obsoleti. Django include alcuni strumenti per automatizzare il…","html":"<h1>Come integrare Django con un database legacy<a class=\"heading-anchor\" href=\"#how-to-integrate-django-with-a-legacy-database\"><span class=\"visually-hidden\">Link to this heading</span><span aria-hidden=\"true\">#</span></a></h1>\n<p>Mentre Django è adatto a sviluppare nuove applicazioni, e tuttavia possibile integrarlo con database obsoleti. Django include alcuni strumenti per automatizzare il più possibile il processo.</p>\n<p>Questo documento presume che tu sappia le basi di Django, come ?descritto? nella sezione <a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/it/6.0/intro/tutorial01/\"><span class=\"doc\">tutorial</span></a>.</p>\n<p>Una volt che hai configurato Django, puoi seguire questo processo indicativo per integrarlo con un database esistente.</p>\n<section id=\"give-django-your-database-parameters\">\n<h2>Dai a Django i tuoi parametri del database<a class=\"heading-anchor\" href=\"#give-django-your-database-parameters\"><span class=\"visually-hidden\">Link to this heading</span><span aria-hidden=\"true\">#</span></a></h2>\n<p>Dovrai dire a Django quali sono i parametri di connessione al tuo database e quale sia il nome del database. Fallo modificando l’impostazione <a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/it/6.0/ref/settings/#std-setting-DATABASES\"><code class=\"xref std std-setting docutils literal notranslate\"><span class=\"pre\">DATABASES</span></code></a> ed assegnando valori alle seguenti chiavi per la connessione <code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\"><span class=\"pre\">'default'</span></code>:</p>\n<ul class=\"simple\">\n<li><p><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/it/6.0/ref/settings/#std-setting-NAME\"><code class=\"xref std std-setting docutils literal notranslate\"><span class=\"pre\">NAME</span></code></a></p></li>\n<li><p><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/it/6.0/ref/settings/#std-setting-DATABASE-ENGINE\"><code class=\"xref std std-setting docutils literal notranslate\"><span class=\"pre\">ENGINE</span></code></a></p></li>\n<li><p><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/it/6.0/ref/settings/#std-setting-USER\"><code class=\"xref std std-setting docutils literal notranslate\"><span class=\"pre\">USER</span></code></a></p></li>\n<li><p><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/it/6.0/ref/settings/#std-setting-PASSWORD\"><code class=\"xref std std-setting docutils literal notranslate\"><span class=\"pre\">PASSWORD</span></code></a></p></li>\n<li><p><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/it/6.0/ref/settings/#std-setting-HOST\"><code class=\"xref std std-setting docutils literal notranslate\"><span class=\"pre\">HOST</span></code></a></p></li>\n<li><p><a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/it/6.0/ref/settings/#std-setting-PORT\"><code class=\"xref std std-setting docutils literal notranslate\"><span class=\"pre\">PORT</span></code></a></p></li>\n</ul>\n</section>\n<section id=\"auto-generate-the-models\">\n<h2>Generazione automatica dei modelli<a class=\"heading-anchor\" href=\"#auto-generate-the-models\"><span class=\"visually-hidden\">Link to this heading</span><span aria-hidden=\"true\">#</span></a></h2>\n<p>Django comes with a utility called <a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/it/6.0/ref/django-admin/#django-admin-inspectdb\"><code class=\"xref std std-djadmin docutils literal notranslate\"><span class=\"pre\">inspectdb</span></code></a> that can create models\nby introspecting an existing database. You can view the output by running this\ncommand:</p>\n<div class=\"code-block\" data-language=\"shell\"><div class=\"code-block-toolbar\"><span class=\"code-block-language\">Shell</span><button type=\"button\" class=\"copy-button\" data-copy hidden><span class=\"copy-button-label\">Copy</span></button></div><pre role=\"group\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-label=\"Shell code\"><code>$<span class=\"w\"> </span>python<span class=\"w\"> </span>manage.py<span class=\"w\"> </span>inspectdb\n</code></pre></div>\n<p>Save this as a file by using standard Unix output redirection:</p>\n<div class=\"code-block\" data-language=\"shell\"><div class=\"code-block-toolbar\"><span class=\"code-block-language\">Shell</span><button type=\"button\" class=\"copy-button\" data-copy hidden><span class=\"copy-button-label\">Copy</span></button></div><pre role=\"group\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-label=\"Shell code\"><code>$<span class=\"w\"> </span>python<span class=\"w\"> </span>manage.py<span class=\"w\"> </span>inspectdb<span class=\"w\"> </span>&gt;<span class=\"w\"> </span>models.py\n</code></pre></div>\n<p>Questa caratteristica è intesa come shortcut, non come generazione definitiva di un modello. Vedi la <a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/it/6.0/ref/django-admin/#django-admin-inspectdb\"><code class=\"xref std std-djadmin docutils literal notranslate\"><span class=\"pre\">documentazione</span> <span class=\"pre\">di</span> <span class=\"pre\">inspectdb</span></code></a> per avere più informazioni.</p>\n<p>Una volta che hai ripulito i modelli, nomina il file <code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\"><span class=\"pre\">models.py</span></code> e mettilo nel package Python che accoglie la tua applicazione. Poi aggiungi l’applicazione alla tua impostazione <a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/it/6.0/ref/settings/#std-setting-INSTALLED_APPS\"><code class=\"xref std std-setting docutils literal notranslate\"><span class=\"pre\">INSTALLED_APPS</span></code></a>.</p>\n<p>Di default, <a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/it/6.0/ref/django-admin/#django-admin-inspectdb\"><code class=\"xref std std-djadmin docutils literal notranslate\"><span class=\"pre\">inspectdb</span></code></a> crea modelli unmanaged. Cioè, <code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\"><span class=\"pre\">managed</span> <span class=\"pre\">=</span> <span class=\"pre\">False</span></code> nel <code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\"><span class=\"pre\">Meta</span></code> del modello dice a Django di non gestire la creazione, la modifica e la cancellazione di ogni tabella:</p>\n<div class=\"code-block\" data-language=\"default\"><div class=\"code-block-toolbar\"><span class=\"code-block-language\">Code</span><button type=\"button\" class=\"copy-button\" data-copy hidden><span class=\"copy-button-label\">Copy</span></button></div><pre role=\"group\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-label=\"Code code\"><code><span class=\"k\">class</span><span class=\"w\"> </span><span class=\"nc\">Person</span><span class=\"p\">(</span><span class=\"n\">models</span><span class=\"o\">.</span><span class=\"n\">Model</span><span class=\"p\">):</span>\n    <span class=\"nb\">id</span> <span class=\"o\">=</span> <span class=\"n\">models</span><span class=\"o\">.</span><span class=\"n\">IntegerField</span><span class=\"p\">(</span><span class=\"n\">primary_key</span><span class=\"o\">=</span><span class=\"kc\">True</span><span class=\"p\">)</span>\n    <span class=\"n\">first_name</span> <span class=\"o\">=</span> <span class=\"n\">models</span><span class=\"o\">.</span><span class=\"n\">CharField</span><span class=\"p\">(</span><span class=\"n\">max_length</span><span class=\"o\">=</span><span class=\"mi\">70</span><span class=\"p\">)</span>\n\n    <span class=\"k\">class</span><span class=\"w\"> </span><span class=\"nc\">Meta</span><span class=\"p\">:</span>\n        <span class=\"n\">managed</span> <span class=\"o\">=</span> <span class=\"kc\">False</span>\n        <span class=\"n\">db_table</span> <span class=\"o\">=</span> <span class=\"s2\">&quot;CENSUS_PERSONS&quot;</span>\n</code></pre></div>\n<p>Se non vuoi permettere a Django di gestire il ciclo di vita della tabella, avrai bisogno di cambiare l’opzione <a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/it/6.0/ref/models/options/#django.db.models.Options.managed\" title=\"django.db.models.Options.managed\"><code class=\"xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate\"><span class=\"pre\">managed</span></code></a> di cui sopra a <code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\"><span class=\"pre\">True</span></code> (o rimuoverlo perchè <code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\"><span class=\"pre\">True</span></code> è il valore predefinito).</p>\n</section>\n<section id=\"install-the-core-django-tables\">\n<h2>Installa le tabelle di base di Django<a class=\"heading-anchor\" href=\"#install-the-core-django-tables\"><span class=\"visually-hidden\">Link to this heading</span><span aria-hidden=\"true\">#</span></a></h2>\n<p>Next, run the <a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/it/6.0/ref/django-admin/#django-admin-migrate\"><code class=\"xref std std-djadmin docutils literal notranslate\"><span class=\"pre\">migrate</span></code></a> command to install any extra needed database\nrecords such as admin permissions and content types:</p>\n<div class=\"code-block\" data-language=\"shell\"><div class=\"code-block-toolbar\"><span class=\"code-block-language\">Shell</span><button type=\"button\" class=\"copy-button\" data-copy hidden><span class=\"copy-button-label\">Copy</span></button></div><pre role=\"group\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-label=\"Shell code\"><code>$<span class=\"w\"> </span>python<span class=\"w\"> </span>manage.py<span class=\"w\"> </span>migrate\n</code></pre></div>\n</section>\n<section id=\"test-and-tweak\">\n<h2>Test ed aggiustamenti<a class=\"heading-anchor\" href=\"#test-and-tweak\"><span class=\"visually-hidden\">Link to this heading</span><span aria-hidden=\"true\">#</span></a></h2>\n<p>Questi sono i passi base – da qui potrai voler mettere a punto i modelli che Django ha generato finchè non funzionano come vuoi. Prova ad accedere ai tuoi dati con l’API del database di Django e prova a modificare gli oggetti con il sito di amministrazione di Django ed a modificare i modelli in accordo.</p>\n</section>","rootId":"how-to-integrate-django-with-a-legacy-database","toc":[{"title":"Dai a Django i tuoi parametri del database","anchor":"give-django-your-database-parameters","children":[]},{"title":"Generazione automatica dei modelli","anchor":"auto-generate-the-models","children":[]},{"title":"Installa le tabelle di base di Django","anchor":"install-the-core-django-tables","children":[]},{"title":"Test ed aggiustamenti","anchor":"test-and-tweak","children":[]}],"breadcrumbs":[{"docname":"howto/index","title":"How-to guides","url":"/it/6.0/howto/"}],"prev":{"docname":"howto/initial-data","title":"Come fornire i dati iniziali per i modelli","url":"/it/6.0/howto/initial-data/"},"next":{"docname":"howto/custom-model-fields","title":"Come creare model field personalizzati","url":"/it/6.0/howto/custom-model-fields/"},"formats":{"html":"/it/6.0/howto/legacy-databases/","markdown":"/it/6.0/howto/legacy-databases.md","json":"/it/6.0/howto/legacy-databases.json"},"source":"https://github.com/django/django/blob/stable/6.0.x/docs/howto/legacy-databases.txt","official":"https://docs.djangoproject.com/it/6.0/howto/legacy-databases/","inVersions":["6.1","6.0","5.2","5.1","5.0","4.2","4.1","4.0","3.2"],"inLocales":["en","sv","zh-hans","ga","fr","ja","id","it","pt-br","ko","es","el","pl"]}