{"title":"Fungsi Basisdata Geografis","version":"6.1","locale":"id","docname":"ref/contrib/gis/functions","url":"/id/6.1/ref/contrib/gis/functions/","canonical":"https://djangodocs.dev/id/6.1/ref/contrib/gis/functions/","summary":"Fungsi-fungsi terdokumentasi pada halaman ini mengizinkan pengguna mengakses fungsi basisdata geografis untuk digunakan dalam keterangan, pengumpulan, atau…","html":"

Fungsi Basisdata GeografisLink to this heading#

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Fungsi-fungsi terdokumentasi pada halaman ini mengizinkan pengguna mengakses fungsi basisdata geografis untuk digunakan dalam keterangan, pengumpulan, atau penyaringan dalam Django.

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Example:

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Python console
>>> from django.contrib.gis.db.models.functions import Length\n>>> Track.objects.annotate(length=Length("line")).filter(length__gt=100)\n
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Tidak semua backend mendukung semua fungsi, jadi mengacu pada dokumentasi dari setiap fungsi untuk melihat jika backend basisdata anda mendukung anda ingin gunakan. Jika anda memanggil fungsi geografis pada backend yang tidak mendukung itu, anda akan mendapatkan pengecualian NotImplementedError.

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MeasurementsLink to this heading#

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AreaLink to this heading#

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\nclass Area(expression, **extra)Link to this definition#
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Availability: MariaDB, MySQL,\nOracle, PostGIS, SpatiaLite

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Menerima bidang geografis tunggal atau pernyataan dan mengembalikan kawasan bidang sebagai sebuah ukuran Area.

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MySQL and SpatiaLite without LWGEOM/RTTOPO don't support area calculations on\ngeographic SRSes.

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DistanceLink to this heading#

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\nclass Distance(expr1, expr2, spheroid=None, **extra)Link to this definition#
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Ketersediaan: MariaDB, MySQL, PostGIS, Oracle, SpatiaLite

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Menerima dua bidang geografis atau pernyataan dan mengembalikan jarak diantara mereka, seperti sebuah obyek Distance, nilai float mentah dikembalikan ketika kordinat adalah geodetik.

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Pada backend yang mendukung perhitungan jarak pada kordinat geodetik, fungsi backend sesuai otomatis dipilih tergantung pada nilai SRID dari geometri (misalnya ST_DistanceSphere pada PostGIS).

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Ketika jarak dihitung dengan kordinat (bersiku-siku) geodetic, seperti halnya dengan awalan SRID WGS84 (4326), anda dapat menyetel argumen kata kunci spheroid untuk memutuskan jika perhitungan harus berdasarkan pada bulatan sederhana (kurang akurat, kurang sumber daya-intensif) atau pada sebuah berbentuk bola (lebih akurat, lebih sumber daya-intensif)

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In the following example, the distance from the city of Hobart to every other\nPointField in the AustraliaCity\nqueryset is calculated:

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Python console
>>> from django.contrib.gis.db.models.functions import Distance\n>>> pnt = AustraliaCity.objects.get(name="Hobart").point\n>>> for city in AustraliaCity.objects.annotate(distance=Distance("point", pnt)):\n...     print(city.name, city.distance)\n...\nWollongong 990071.220408 m\nShellharbour 972804.613941 m\nThirroul 1002334.36351 m\n...\n
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GeometryDistanceLink to this heading#

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\nclass GeometryDistance(expr1, expr2, **extra)Link to this definition#
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Ketersediaan: PostGIS

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Accepts two geographic fields or expressions and returns the distance between\nthem. When used in an order_by() clause,\nit provides index-assisted nearest-neighbor result sets.

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LengthLink to this heading#

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\nclass Length(expression, spheroid=True, **extra)Link to this definition#
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Ketersediaan: MariaDB, MySQL, Oracle, PostGIS, SpatiaLite

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Menerima bidang linestring geografis tunggal atau banyak linestring atau pernyataan dan mengembalikan panjangnya sebagai ukuran Distance.

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Pada PostGIS dan SpatiaLite, ketika kordinat adalah geodetik (siku), anda dapat menentukan jika perhitungan harus berdasarkan pada bidang sederhana (kurang akurat, kurang sumber-daya-intensif) atau pada sebuah bidang (lebih akurat, lebih sumber-daya-intensif) dengan argumen kata kunci spheroid.

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MySQL tidak mendukung dukungan perhitungan panjang pada geografis SRS.

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PerimeterLink to this heading#

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\nclass Perimeter(expression, **extra)Link to this definition#
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Tersedia: PostGIS, Oracle, SpatiaLite

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Menerima bidang geografis tunggal atau pernyataan dan mengembalikan lingakran dari bidang geometri sebagai sebuah obyek Distance.

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HubunganLink to this heading#

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AzimuthLink to this heading#

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\nclass Azimuth(point_a, point_b, **extra)Link to this definition#
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Ketersediaan: PostGIS, SpatiaLite (LWGEOM/RTTOPO)

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Mengembalikan azimut dalam radian dari segmen ditentukan oleh titik geometri yang diberikan, atau None jila dia titik bertemu. Azimut adalah sudut diacukan dari utara dan positif jarumg jam: utara = 0; timur= π/2; selatan = π; barat = 3π/2.

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BoundingCircleLink to this heading#

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\nclass BoundingCircle(expression, num_seg=48, **extra)Link to this definition#
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Ketersediaan: PostGIS, Oracle, SpatiaLite 5.1+

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menerima bidang geografis tunggal atau pernyataan dan mengembalikan lingkaran poligon terkecil yang dapat sepenuhnya mengandung geometri.

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Parameter num_seg hanya digunakan pada PostGIS.

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CentroidLink to this heading#

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\nclass Centroid(expression, **extra)Link to this definition#
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Ketersediaan: MariaDB, MySQL, PostGIS, Oracle, SpatiaLite

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Menerima bidang geografis tunggal atau mengembalikan nilai centroid dari geometri.

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ClosestPointLink to this heading#

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\nclass ClosestPoint(expr1, expr2, **extra)Link to this definition#
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Ketersediaan: PostGIS, SpatiaLite

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Accepts two geographic fields or expressions and returns the 2-dimensional\npoint on geometry A that is closest to geometry B.

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EnvelopeLink to this heading#

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\nclass Envelope(expression, **extra)Link to this definition#
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Ketersediaan: MariaDB, MySQL, Oracle, PostGIS, SpatiaLite

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Menerima bidang geografis tunggal atau pernyataan dan mengembalikan geometri mewakili kotak batasan dari geometri.

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LineLocatePointLink to this heading#

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\nclass LineLocatePoint(linestring, point, **extra)Link to this definition#
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Ketersediaan: PostGIS, SpatiaLite

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Mengembalikan sebuah float diantara 0 dan 1 mewakili tempat dari titik terdekat di linestring pada point yang diberikan, sebagai sebuah pecahan dari panjang garis 2D.

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PointOnSurfaceLink to this heading#

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\nclass PointOnSurface(expression, **extra)Link to this definition#
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Ketersediaan: PostGIS, MariaDB, Oracle, SpatiaLite

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Menerima bidang geografis tunggal atau pernyataan dan mengembalikan Point geometri dijamin berbohong pada permukaan dari bidang; sebaliknya mengembalikan None.

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OperasiLink to this heading#

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DifferenceLink to this heading#

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\nclass Difference(expr1, expr2, **extra)Link to this definition#
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Ketersediaan: MariaDB, MySQL, PostGIS, Oracle, SpatiaLite

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Menerima dua bidang geografis atau pernyataan dan mengembalikan perbedaan geometri, yaitu bagian dari geometri A yang tidak berinteraksi dengan geometri B.

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IntersectionLink to this heading#

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\nclass Intersection(expr1, expr2, **extra)Link to this definition#
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Ketersediaan: MariaDB, MySQL, PostGIS, Oracle, SpatiaLite

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Menerima dua bidang geografi dan pernyataan dan mengembalikan persimpangan geometri diantara mereka.

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SymDifferenceLink to this heading#

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\nclass SymDifference(expr1, expr2, **extra)Link to this definition#
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Ketersediaan: MariaDB, MySQL, PostGIS, Oracle, SpatiaLite

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Menerima dua bidang geografis atau pernyataan dan mengembalikan perbedaan simetrik geografis (penyatuan tanpa persimpangan) diantara parameter diberikan.

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UnionLink to this heading#

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\nclass Union(expr1, expr2, **extra)Link to this definition#
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Ketersediaan: MariaDB, MySQL, PostGIS, Oracle, SpatiaLite

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Menerima dua bidang geografi atau pernyataan dan mengembalikan gabungan dari kedua geometri.

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PenyuntingLink to this heading#

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ForcePolygonCWLink to this heading#

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\nclass ForcePolygonCW(expression, **extra)Link to this definition#
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Ketersediaan: PostGIS, SpatiaLite

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Menerima bidang geografis tunggal atau pernyataan dan mengembalikan versi terubah dari poligon/banyak poligon dimana semua lingkaran eksterior diorientasikan searah jarum jam dan semua lingkaran interior berorientasikan berlawanan jarum jam. Geometri bukan-geometri dikembalikan tidak berubah.

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MakeValidLink to this heading#

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\nclass MakeValid(expr)Link to this definition#
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Ketersediaan: PostGIS, SpatiaLite (LWGEOM/RTTOPO)

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Menerima bidang geografis tunggal atau pernyataan dan berusaha merubah nilai menjadi geometri sah tanpakehilangan masukan simpul apapun. Geometri yang sudah sah dikembalikan tanpa perubahan. Poligon sederhana mungkin menjadi poligon banyak dan hasil mungkin berupa dimensi rendah daripada masukan.

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ReverseLink to this heading#

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\nclass Reverse(expression, **extra)Link to this definition#
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Tersedia: PostGIS, Oracle, SpatiaLite

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Menerima bidang geografis tunggal atau pernyataan dan mengembalikan geometri dengan kordinat terbalik.

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RotateLink to this heading#

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\nclass Rotate(expression, angle, origin=None, **extra)Link to this definition#
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Availability: PostGIS

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Rotates a geometry by a specified angle around the origin. Optionally, the\nrotation can be performed around a point, defined by the origin\nparameter.

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ScaleLink to this heading#

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\nclass Scale(expression, x, y, z=0.0, **extra)Link to this definition#
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Tersedia: PostGIS, SpatiaLite

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Menerima bidang geografis tunggal atau pernyataan dan mengembalikan geometri dengan kordinat ditingkatkan dengan mengalikan mereka dengan parameter x, y, dan pilihannya z.

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SnapToGridLink to this heading#

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\nclass SnapToGrid(expression, *args, **extra)Link to this definition#
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Tersedia: PostGIS, SpatiaLite

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Accepts a single geographic field or expression and returns a geometry with all\npoints snapped to the given grid. How the geometry is snapped to the grid\ndepends on how many numeric (either float, integer, or long) arguments are\ngiven.

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Jumlah Argumen

Deskripsi

1

A single size to snap both the X and Y grids to.

2

X and Y sizes to snap the grid to.

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Ukuran X, Y dan berhubungan asli X,Y.

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TransformLink to this heading#

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\nclass Transform(expression, srid, **extra)Link to this definition#
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Tersedia: PostGIS, Oracle, SpatiaLite

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Menerima sebuah bidang geografis atau pernyataan dan kode integer SRID, dan mengembalikan geometri diubah ke sistem acuan spasial ditentukan oleh parameter srid.

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TranslateLink to this heading#

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\nclass Translate(expression, x, y, z=0.0, **extra)Link to this definition#
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Tersedia: PostGIS, SpatiaLite

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Menerima bidang geografis tunggal atau pernyataan dan mengembalikan geometri dengan kordinat penyeimbangnya oleh parameter angka x, y, dan pilihannya z.

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Input formatLink to this heading#

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FromWKBLink to this heading#

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\nclass FromWKB(expression, srid=0, **extra)Link to this definition#
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Ketersediaan: MariaDB, MySQL, Oracle, PostGIS, SpatiaLite

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Creates geometry from Well-known binary (WKB) representation. The optional\nsrid argument allows to specify the SRID of the resulting geometry.\nsrid is ignored on Oracle.

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FromWKTLink to this heading#

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\nclass FromWKT(expression, srid=0, **extra)Link to this definition#
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Ketersediaan: MariaDB, MySQL, Oracle, PostGIS, SpatiaLite

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Creates geometry from Well-known text (WKT) representation. The optional\nsrid argument allows to specify the SRID of the resulting geometry.\nsrid is ignored on Oracle.

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Bentuk keluaranLink to this heading#

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AsGeoJSONLink to this heading#

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\nclass AsGeoJSON(expression, bbox=False, crs=False, precision=8, **extra)Link to this definition#
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Ketersediaan: MariaDB, MySQL, Oracle, PostGIS, SpatiaLite

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Accepts a single geographic field or expression and returns a GeoJSON representation of the geometry. Note that the result\nis not a complete GeoJSON structure but only the geometry key content of a\nGeoJSON structure. See also Penserial GeoJSON.

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Example:

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Python console
>>> City.objects.annotate(json=AsGeoJSON("point")).get(name="Chicago").json\n{"type":"Point","coordinates":[-87.65018,41.85039]}\n
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Argumen Katakunci

Deskripsi

bbox

Set this to True if you want the bounding box\nto be included in the returned GeoJSON. Ignored on\nOracle.

crs

Set this to True if you want the coordinate\nreference system to be included in the returned\nGeoJSON. Ignored on MySQL and Oracle.

ketelitian

It may be used to specify the number of significant\ndigits for the coordinates in the GeoJSON\nrepresentation -- the default value is 8. Ignored on\nOracle.

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AsGMLLink to this heading#

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\nclass AsGML(expression, version=2, precision=8, **extra)Link to this definition#
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Tersedia: Oracle, PostGIS, SpatiaLite

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Menerima bidang geografis tunggal atau pernyataan dan mengembalikan perwakilan Geographic Markup Language (GML) dari geometri.

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Example:

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Python console
>>> qs = Zipcode.objects.annotate(gml=AsGML("poly"))\n>>> print(qs[0].gml)\n<gml:Polygon srsName="EPSG:4326"><gml:OuterBoundaryIs>-147.78711,70.245363 ...\n-147.78711,70.245363</gml:OuterBoundaryIs></gml:Polygon>\n
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Argumen Katakunci

Deskripsi

ketelitian

Menentukan sejumlah angka penting untuk kordinat dalam perwakilan GML -- nilai awalan adalah 8. Abaikan pada Oracle.

versi

Menentukan versi GML untuk menggunakan: 2 (awalan) atau 3.

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AsKMLLink to this heading#

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\nclass AsKML(expression, precision=8, **extra)Link to this definition#
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Tersedia: PostGIS, SpatiaLite

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Menerima bidang geografis tunggal atau pernyataan dan mengembalikan perwakilan Keyhole Markup Language (KML) dari geometri.

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Example:

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Python console
>>> qs = Zipcode.objects.annotate(kml=AsKML("poly"))\n>>> print(qs[0].kml)\n<Polygon><outerBoundaryIs><LinearRing><coordinates>-103.04135,36.217596,0 ...\n-103.04135,36.217596,0</coordinates></LinearRing></outerBoundaryIs></Polygon>\n
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Argumen Katakunci

Deskripsi

ketelitian

Katakunci ini mungkin digunakan untuk menentukan sejumlah angka penting untuk kordinat dalam perwakilan KML -- nilai awalan adalah 8.

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AsSVGLink to this heading#

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\nclass AsSVG(expression, relative=False, precision=8, **extra)Link to this definition#
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Tersedia: PostGIS, SpatiaLite

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Menerima bidang geografis tunggal atau pernyataan dan mengembalikan sebuah perwakilan Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG) dari geometri.

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Argumen Katakunci

Deskripsi

relative

Jika disetel ke True, jalur data akan diterapkan dalam ketentuan dari pergerakan relatif. Awalan menjadi ``False11, berarti bahwa perpindahan mutlak digunakan sebagai gantinya.

ketelitian

Katakunci mungkin digunakan untuk menentukan sejumlah angka penting untuk kordinat dalam perwakilan SVG -- nilai awalan adalah 8.

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AsWKBLink to this heading#

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\nclass AsWKB(expression, **extra)Link to this definition#
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Ketersediaan: MariaDB, MySQL, Oracle, PostGIS, SpatiaLite

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Accepts a single geographic field or expression and returns a Well-known\nbinary (WKB) representation of the geometry.

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Example:

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Python console
>>> bytes(City.objects.annotate(wkb=AsWKB("point")).get(name="Chelyabinsk").wkb)\nb'\\x01\\x01\\x00\\x00\\x00]3\\xf9f\\x9b\\x91K@\\x00X\\x1d9\\xd2\\xb9N@'\n
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AsWKTLink to this heading#

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\nclass AsWKT(expression, **extra)Link to this definition#
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Ketersediaan: MariaDB, MySQL, Oracle, PostGIS, SpatiaLite

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Accepts a single geographic field or expression and returns a Well-known text\n(WKT) representation of the geometry.

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Example:

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Python console
>>> City.objects.annotate(wkt=AsWKT("point")).get(name="Chelyabinsk").wkt\n'POINT (55.137555 61.451728)'\n
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GeoHashLink to this heading#

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\nclass GeoHash(expression, precision=None, **extra)Link to this definition#
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Availability: MariaDB, MySQL,\nPostGIS, SpatiaLite\n(LWGEOM/RTTOPO)

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Menerima bidang geografi tunggal atau pernyataan dan mengembalikan perwakilan GeoHash dari geometri.

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Argumen kata kunci precision mengendalikan sejumlah karakter dalam hasilnya.

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Bermacam-macamLink to this heading#

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IsEmptyLink to this heading#

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\nclass IsEmpty(expr)Link to this definition#
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Availability: PostGIS,\nSpatiaLite

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Accepts a geographic field or expression and tests if the value is an empty\ngeometry. Returns True if its value is empty and False otherwise.

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IsValidLink to this heading#

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\nclass IsValid(expr)Link to this definition#
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Availability: MariaDB, MySQL,\nPostGIS, Oracle, SpatiaLite

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Menerima sebuah bidang geografi atau pernyataan dan percobaan jika nilai berbentuk bagus. Mengembalikan True jika nilainya adalah geometri sah dan False sebaliknya.

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GeometryTypeLink to this heading#

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\nclass GeometryType(expr)Link to this definition#
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Availability: PostGIS,\nOracle 23c+, MariaDB, MySQL, SpatiaLite

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Accepts a geographic field or expression and returns its geometry type.

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MemSizeLink to this heading#

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\nclass MemSize(expression, **extra)Link to this definition#
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Tersedia: PostGIS

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Menerima bidang geografis tunggal atau pernyataan dan mengembalikan ukuran memori (sejumlah byte) yang bidang geometri ambil.

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NumDimensionsLink to this heading#

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\nclass NumDimensions(expression, **extra)Link to this definition#
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Availability: PostGIS,\nSpatiaLite

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Accepts a single geometry field or expression and returns the number of\ndimensions used by the geometry.

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NumGeometriesLink to this heading#

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\nclass NumGeometries(expression, **extra)Link to this definition#
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Ketersediaan: MariaDB, MySQL, PostGIS, Oracle, SpatiaLite

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Menerima bidang geografis tunggal atau pernyataan dan mengembalikan sejumlah geometri jika bidang geometri adalah kumpulan (misalnya, bidang GEOMETRYCOLLECTION atau MULTI*). mengembalikan 1 untuk geometri tunggal.

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Pada MySQL, mengembalikan None untuk geometri tunggal.

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NumPointsLink to this heading#

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\nclass NumPoints(expression, **extra)Link to this definition#
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Ketersediaan: MariaDB, MySQL, PostGIS, Oracle, SpatiaLite

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Menerima bidang geografis tunggal atau pernyataan dan mengembalikan sejumlah titik dalam sebuah geometri.

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Pada MySQL, mengembalikan None untuk geometri bukan-LINESTRING apapun.

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