--- title: "Pengecualian Django" version: 5.2 locale: id source: https://docs.djangoproject.com/id/5.2/ref/exceptions/ canonical: https://djangodocs.dev/id/5.2/ref/exceptions/ --- # Pengecualian Django Django raises some of its own exceptions as well as standard Python exceptions. ## Pengecualian Inti Django Kelas-kelas pengecualian inti django ditentukan dalam `django.core.exceptions`. ### `AppRegistryNotReady` #### `exception AppRegistryNotReady` This exception is raised when attempting to use models before the [app loading process](/id/5.2/ref/applications/#app-loading-process), which initializes the ORM, is complete. ### `ObjectDoesNotExist` #### `exception ObjectDoesNotExist` The base class for [`Model.DoesNotExist`](/id/5.2/ref/models/class/#django.db.models.Model.DoesNotExist) exceptions. A `try/except` for `ObjectDoesNotExist` will catch [`DoesNotExist`](/id/5.2/ref/models/class/#django.db.models.Model.DoesNotExist) exceptions for all models. See [`get()`](/id/5.2/ref/models/querysets/#django.db.models.query.QuerySet.get). ### `EmptyResultSet` #### `exception EmptyResultSet` `EmptyResultSet` may be raised during query generation if a query won't return any results. Most Django projects won't encounter this exception, but it might be useful for implementing custom lookups and expressions. ### `FullResultSet` #### `exception FullResultSet` `FullResultSet` may be raised during query generation if a query will match everything. Most Django projects won't encounter this exception, but it might be useful for implementing custom lookups and expressions. ### `FieldDoesNotExist` #### `exception FieldDoesNotExist` The `FieldDoesNotExist` exception is raised by a model's `_meta.get_field()` method when the requested field does not exist on the model or on the model's parents. ### `MultipleObjectsReturned` #### `exception MultipleObjectsReturned` The base class for [`Model.MultipleObjectsReturned`](/id/5.2/ref/models/class/#django.db.models.Model.MultipleObjectsReturned) exceptions. A `try/except` for `MultipleObjectsReturned` will catch [`MultipleObjectsReturned`](/id/5.2/ref/models/class/#django.db.models.Model.MultipleObjectsReturned) exceptions for all models. See [`get()`](/id/5.2/ref/models/querysets/#django.db.models.query.QuerySet.get). ### `SuspiciousOperation` #### `exception SuspiciousOperation` The [`SuspiciousOperation`](#django.core.exceptions.SuspiciousOperation) exception is raised when a user has performed an operation that should be considered suspicious from a security perspective, such as tampering with a session cookie. Subclasses of `SuspiciousOperation` include: - `DisallowedHost` - `DisallowedModelAdminLookup` - `DisallowedModelAdminToField` - `DisallowedRedirect` - `InvalidSessionKey` - `RequestDataTooBig` - `SuspiciousFileOperation` - `SuspiciousMultipartForm` - `SuspiciousSession` - `TooManyFieldsSent` - `TooManyFilesSent` If a `SuspiciousOperation` exception reaches the ASGI/WSGI handler level it is logged at the `Error` level and results in a [`HttpResponseBadRequest`](/id/5.2/ref/request-response/#django.http.HttpResponseBadRequest). See the [logging documentation](/id/5.2/topics/logging/) for more information. ### `PermissionDenied` #### `exception PermissionDenied` Pengecualian [`PermissionDenied`](#django.core.exceptions.PermissionDenied) dimunculkan ketika seorang pengguna tidak memiliki perizinan untuk melakukan tindakan diminta. ### `ViewDoesNotExist` #### `exception ViewDoesNotExist` Pengecualian [`ViewDoesNotExist`](#django.core.exceptions.ViewDoesNotExist) dimunculkan oleh [`django.urls`](/id/5.2/ref/urlresolvers/#module-django.urls) ketika tampilan diminta tidak ada. ### `MiddlewareNotUsed` #### `exception MiddlewareNotUsed` Pengecualian [`MiddlewareNotUsed`](#django.core.exceptions.MiddlewareNotUsed) dimunculkan ketika sebuah middleware tidak digunakan dalam konfigurasi peladen. ### `ImproperlyConfigured` #### `exception ImproperlyConfigured` The [`ImproperlyConfigured`](#django.core.exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured) exception is raised when Django is somehow improperly configured -- for example, if a value in `settings.py` is incorrect or unparseable. ### `FieldError` #### `exception FieldError` Pengecualian [`FieldError`](#django.core.exceptions.FieldError) dimunculkan ketika ada masalah dengan bidang model. Ini terjadi untuk beberapa alasan: - Sebuah bidang dalam sebuah model bertabrakan dengan sebuah bidang dari nama sama dari sebuah kelas dasar abstrak - Sebuah putaran tidak terbatasdisebutkan oleh pengurutan - Sebuah kata kunci tidak dapat diuraikan dari saringan prameter - Sebuah bidang tidak dapat ditentukan dari katakunci dalam parameter permintaan - Gabungan tidak diizinkan pada bidang tertentu - Nama bidang tidak sah - Sebuah permintaan mengandung argumen order\_by tidak sah ### `ValidationError` #### `exception ValidationError` The [`ValidationError`](#django.core.exceptions.ValidationError) exception is raised when data fails form or model field validation. For more information about validation, see [Form and Field Validation](/id/5.2/ref/forms/validation/), [Model Field Validation](/id/5.2/ref/models/instances/#validating-objects) and the [Validator Reference](/id/5.2/ref/validators/). #### `NON_FIELD_ERRORS` #### `NON_FIELD_ERRORS` `ValidationError`s that don't belong to a particular field in a form or model are classified as `NON_FIELD_ERRORS`. This constant is used as a key in dictionaries that otherwise map fields to their respective list of errors. ### `BadRequest` #### `exception BadRequest` The [`BadRequest`](#django.core.exceptions.BadRequest) exception is raised when the request cannot be processed due to a client error. If a `BadRequest` exception reaches the ASGI/WSGI handler level it results in a [`HttpResponseBadRequest`](/id/5.2/ref/request-response/#django.http.HttpResponseBadRequest). ### `RequestAborted` #### `exception RequestAborted` The [`RequestAborted`](#django.core.exceptions.RequestAborted) exception is raised when an HTTP body being read in by the handler is cut off midstream and the client connection closes, or when the client does not send data and hits a timeout where the server closes the connection. It is internal to the HTTP handler modules and you are unlikely to see it elsewhere. If you are modifying HTTP handling code, you should raise this when you encounter an aborted request to make sure the socket is closed cleanly. ### `SynchronousOnlyOperation` #### `exception SynchronousOnlyOperation` The [`SynchronousOnlyOperation`](#django.core.exceptions.SynchronousOnlyOperation) exception is raised when code that is only allowed in synchronous Python code is called from an asynchronous context (a thread with a running asynchronous event loop). These parts of Django are generally heavily reliant on thread-safety to function and don't work correctly under coroutines sharing the same thread. If you are trying to call code that is synchronous-only from an asynchronous thread, then create a synchronous thread and call it in that. You can accomplish this is with [`asgiref.sync.sync_to_async()`](/id/5.2/topics/async/#asgiref.sync.sync_to_async). ## Pengecualian Penyelesai URL Pengecualian Penyelesai URL ditentukan dalam `django.urls`. ### `Resolver404` #### `exception Resolver404` Pengeculian [`Resolver404`](#django.urls.Resolver404) dimunculkan dengan [`resolve()`](/id/5.2/ref/urlresolvers/#django.urls.resolve) jika jalur dilewatkan ke `resolve()` tidak memetakan ke tampilan. Itu adalah sebuah subkelas dari [`django.http.Http404`](/id/5.2/topics/http/views/#django.http.Http404). ### `NoReverseMatch` #### `exception NoReverseMatch` Pengecualian [`NoReverseMatch`](#django.urls.NoReverseMatch) dimunculkan dengan [`django.urls`](/id/5.2/ref/urlresolvers/#module-django.urls) ketika URL cocok dalam URLconf anda tidak dapat dicirikan berdasarkan pada parameter disokong. ## Pengecualian Basisdata Pengecualian basisdata mungkin diimpor dari `django.db`. Django membungkus pengecualian basisdata standar sehingga kode Django anda mempunyai jaminan penerapan umum pada kelas-kelas ini. #### `exception Error` #### `exception InterfaceError` #### `exception DatabaseError` #### `exception DataError` #### `exception OperationalError` #### `exception IntegrityError` #### `exception InternalError` #### `exception ProgrammingError` #### `exception NotSupportedError` Pembungkus Django untuk pengecualian basisdata berperilaku tepatnya sama seperti pengecualian basisdata pokok. Lihat:pep:249, Spesifikasi API Basisdata Python v2.0, untuk informasi lebih jauh. As per [**PEP 3134**](https://peps.python.org/pep-3134/), a `__cause__` attribute is set with the original (underlying) database exception, allowing access to any additional information provided. #### `exception models.ProtectedError` Raised to prevent deletion of referenced objects when using [`django.db.models.PROTECT`](/id/5.2/ref/models/fields/#django.db.models.PROTECT). [`models.ProtectedError`](#django.db.models.ProtectedError) is a subclass of [`IntegrityError`](#django.db.IntegrityError). #### `exception models.RestrictedError` Raised to prevent deletion of referenced objects when using [`django.db.models.RESTRICT`](/id/5.2/ref/models/fields/#django.db.models.RESTRICT). [`models.RestrictedError`](#django.db.models.RestrictedError) is a subclass of [`IntegrityError`](#django.db.IntegrityError). ## HTTP Exceptions HTTP exceptions may be imported from `django.http`. ### `UnreadablePostError` #### `exception UnreadablePostError` [`UnreadablePostError`](#django.http.UnreadablePostError) dimunculkan ketika pengguna membatalkan unggahan. ## Eksepsi Sesi Eksepsi sesi ditentukan dalam `django.contrib.sessions.exceptions`. ### `SessionInterrupted` #### `exception SessionInterrupted` [`SessionInterrupted`](#django.contrib.sessions.exceptions.SessionInterrupted) is raised when a session is destroyed in a concurrent request. It's a subclass of [`BadRequest`](#django.core.exceptions.BadRequest). ## Pengecualian Transaksi Pengecualian transaksi ditentukan dalam `django.db.transaction`. ### `TransactionManagementError` #### `exception TransactionManagementError` [`TransactionManagementError`](#django.db.transaction.TransactionManagementError) dimunculkan untuk apapun dan semua masalah terkait pada transaksi basisdata. ## Pengecualian Kerangka Kerja Percobaan Pengecualian disediakan oleh paket `django.test`. ### `RedirectCycleError` #### `exception client.RedirectCycleError` [`RedirectCycleError`](#django.test.client.RedirectCycleError) is raised when the test client detects a loop or an overly long chain of redirects. ## Pengecualian Python Django raises built-in Python exceptions when appropriate as well. See the Python documentation for further information on the [Built-in Exceptions](https://docs.python.org/3/library/exceptions.html#bltin-exceptions).