--- title: "Dokumentasi Django" version: 2.2 locale: id source: https://docs.djangoproject.com/id/2.2/ canonical: https://djangodocs.dev/id/2.2/ --- # Dokumentasi Django **Apapun yang perlu anda tahu mengenai Django.** ## Mendapatkan bantuan Mengalami masalah? Kami senang membantu! - Coba [FAQ](/id/2.2/faq/) -- dia mempunyai jawaban ke banyak pertanyaan umum. - Mencari informasi spesifik? Coba:ref:genindex, [Indeks Modul](/id/2.2/py-modindex/) atau the [detailed table of contents](/id/2.2/contents/). - Mencari untuk informasi di arsip dari daftar penyuratan [django-users](/id/2.2/internals/mailing-lists/#django-users-mailing-list), atau [post a question](https://groups.google.com/d/forum/django-users). - Berikan pertanyaan dalam [#django IRC channel](irc://irc.libera.chat/django). - Laporkan kesalahan dengan Django di [ticket tracker](https://code.djangoproject.com/) kami. ## Bagaimana dokumentasi diatur Django mempunyai banyak dokumentasi. Ikhstisar tingkat-tinggi dari bagaimana dia disusun akan membantu anda mengetahui dimana mencari untuk hal-hal tertentu: - [Tutorials](/id/2.2/intro/) membawa anda dengan tangan melalui rangkaian langkah untuk membuat sebuah aplikasi Jaringan. Mulai disini jika anda baru pada Django atau pengembangan aplikasi Jaringan. Juga lihat pada the "[Langkah pertama](#index-first-steps)" dibawah ini. - [Topic guides](/id/2.2/topics/) mengobrolkan kunci topik dan konsep pada tingkat tinggi dan menyediakan informasi latar belakang berguna dan penjelasan. - [Reference guides](/id/2.2/ref/) mengandung acuan teknis untuk API dan aspek lain dari perlengkapan Django. Mereka menggambarkan bagaimana itu bekerja dan bagaimana menggunakannya bahwa anda mempunyai pemahaman dasar dari kunci konsep. - [How-to guides](/id/2.2/howto/) adalah resep-resep. Mereka memandu anda melalui langkah-langkah dalam mengalamatkan kunci masalah dan kasus-penggunaan. Mereka lebih ahli dari pada tutorial dan menganggap beberapa pengetahuan dari bagaimana Django bekerja. ## Langkah pertama Apakah anda baru ke Django atau ke pemrograman? Ini adalah tempat untuk memulai! - **Dari goresan:** [Overview](/id/2.2/intro/overview/) | [Installation](/id/2.2/intro/install/) - **Tutorial:** [Part 1: Requests and responses](/id/2.2/intro/tutorial01/) | [Part 2: Models and the admin site](/id/2.2/intro/tutorial02/) | [Part 3: Views and templates](/id/2.2/intro/tutorial03/) | [Part 4: Forms and generic views](/id/2.2/intro/tutorial04/) | [Part 5: Testing](/id/2.2/intro/tutorial05/) | [Part 6: Static files](/id/2.2/intro/tutorial06/) | [Part 7: Customizing the admin site](/id/2.2/intro/tutorial07/) - **Tutorial lanjut:** [How to write reusable apps](/id/2.2/intro/reusable-apps/) | [Writing your first patch for Django](/id/2.2/intro/contributing/) ## Lapisan model Django menyediakan lapisan abstraksi ("model") untuk membentuk dan merubah data dari aplikasi Jaringan anda. Pelajari lebih tentang itu dibawah ini: - **Models:** [Introduction to models](/id/2.2/topics/db/models/) | [Field types](/id/2.2/ref/models/fields/) | [Indexes](/id/2.2/ref/models/indexes/) | [Meta options](/id/2.2/ref/models/options/) | [Model class](/id/2.2/ref/models/class/) - **QuerySets:** [Making queries](/id/2.2/topics/db/queries/) | [QuerySet method reference](/id/2.2/ref/models/querysets/) | [Lookup expressions](/id/2.2/ref/models/lookups/) - **Contoh Model:** [Instance methods](/id/2.2/ref/models/instances/) | [Accessing related objects](/id/2.2/ref/models/relations/) - **Perpindahan:** [Introduction to Migrations](/id/2.2/topics/migrations/) | [Operations reference](/id/2.2/ref/migration-operations/) | [SchemaEditor](/id/2.2/ref/schema-editor/) | [Writing migrations](/id/2.2/howto/writing-migrations/) - **Lanjutan:** [Managers](/id/2.2/topics/db/managers/) | [Raw SQL](/id/2.2/topics/db/sql/) | [Transactions](/id/2.2/topics/db/transactions/) | [Aggregation](/id/2.2/topics/db/aggregation/) | [Search](/id/2.2/topics/db/search/) | [Custom fields](/id/2.2/howto/custom-model-fields/) | [Multiple databases](/id/2.2/topics/db/multi-db/) | [Custom lookups](/id/2.2/howto/custom-lookups/) | [Query Expressions](/id/2.2/ref/models/expressions/) | [Conditional Expressions](/id/2.2/ref/models/conditional-expressions/) | [Database Functions](/id/2.2/ref/models/database-functions/) - **Lainnya:** [Supported databases](/id/2.2/ref/databases/) | [Legacy databases](/id/2.2/howto/legacy-databases/) | [Providing initial data](/id/2.2/howto/initial-data/) | [Optimize database access](/id/2.2/topics/db/optimization/) | [PostgreSQL specific features](/id/2.2/ref/contrib/postgres/) ## Lapisan tampilan Django mempunyai konsep "tampilan" untuk merangkum tanggung jawab logis untuk mengolah permintaan pengguna dan mengembalikan tanggapan. Temukan semua anda butuhkan untuk mengetahui tentang tampilan melalui tautan dibawah ini: - **Dasar:** [URLconfs](/id/2.2/topics/http/urls/) | [View functions](/id/2.2/topics/http/views/) | [Shortcuts](/id/2.2/topics/http/shortcuts/) | [Decorators](/id/2.2/topics/http/decorators/) - **Acuan:** [Built-in Views](/id/2.2/ref/views/) | [Request/response objects](/id/2.2/ref/request-response/) | [TemplateResponse objects](/id/2.2/ref/template-response/) - **Unggah berkas:** [Overview](/id/2.2/topics/http/file-uploads/) | [File objects](/id/2.2/ref/files/file/) | [Storage API](/id/2.2/ref/files/storage/) | [Managing files](/id/2.2/topics/files/) | [Custom storage](/id/2.2/howto/custom-file-storage/) - **Tampilan berbasis-kelas:** [Overview](/id/2.2/topics/class-based-views/) | [Built-in display views](/id/2.2/topics/class-based-views/generic-display/) | [Built-in editing views](/id/2.2/topics/class-based-views/generic-editing/) | [Using mixins](/id/2.2/topics/class-based-views/mixins/) | [API reference](/id/2.2/ref/class-based-views/) | [Flattened index](/id/2.2/ref/class-based-views/flattened-index/) - **Lanjutan:** [Generating CSV](/id/2.2/howto/outputting-csv/) | [Generating PDF](/id/2.2/howto/outputting-pdf/) - **Middleware:** [Overview](/id/2.2/topics/http/middleware/) | [Built-in middleware classes](/id/2.2/ref/middleware/) ## Lapisan cetakan Lapisan cetakan menyediakan sintaksis ramah-perancang untuk membangun informasi untuk dibawakan ke pengguna. Pelajari bagaimana sinktaksis ini dapat digunakan oleh perancang dan bagaimana dia dapat diperluas oleh pemrogram. - **Dasar:** [Overview](/id/2.2/topics/templates/) - **Untuk perancang:** [Language overview](/id/2.2/ref/templates/language/) | [Built-in tags and filters](/id/2.2/ref/templates/builtins/) | [Humanization](/id/2.2/ref/contrib/humanize/) - **Untuk pemrogram:** [Template API](/id/2.2/ref/templates/api/) | [Custom tags and filters](/id/2.2/howto/custom-template-tags/) ## Formulir Django menyediakan kerangka kaya untuk memfasilitasi pembuatan formulir dan manipulasi data. - **Dasar** [Overview](/id/2.2/topics/forms/) | [Form API](/id/2.2/ref/forms/api/) | [Built-in fields](/id/2.2/ref/forms/fields/) | [Built-in widgets](/id/2.2/ref/forms/widgets/) - **Lanjutan:** [Forms for models](/id/2.2/topics/forms/modelforms/) | [Integrating media](/id/2.2/topics/forms/media/) | [Formsets](/id/2.2/topics/forms/formsets/) | [Customizing validation](/id/2.2/ref/forms/validation/) ## Pengolahan pengembangan Pelajari tentang beragam komponen dan alat untuk membantu anda dalam mengembangkan dan mencoba aplikasi Django: - **Pengaturan:** [Overview](/id/2.2/topics/settings/) | [Full list of settings](/id/2.2/ref/settings/) - **Aplikasi:** [Overview](/id/2.2/ref/applications/) - **Pengecualian:** [Overview](/id/2.2/ref/exceptions/) - **django-admin dan manage.py:** [Overview](/id/2.2/ref/django-admin/) | [Adding custom commands](/id/2.2/howto/custom-management-commands/) - **Percobaan:** [Introduction](/id/2.2/topics/testing/) | [Writing and running tests](/id/2.2/topics/testing/overview/) | [Included testing tools](/id/2.2/topics/testing/tools/) | [Advanced topics](/id/2.2/topics/testing/advanced/) - **Deployment:** [Overview](/id/2.2/howto/deployment/) | [WSGI servers](/id/2.2/howto/deployment/wsgi/) | [Deploying static files](/id/2.2/howto/static-files/deployment/) | [Tracking code errors by email](/id/2.2/howto/error-reporting/) | [Deployment checklist](/id/2.2/howto/deployment/checklist/) ## Admin Temukan semua anda butuhkan untuk mengetahui tentang otomatisasi antarmuka admin, satu dari fitur paling terkenal Django: - [Admin site](/id/2.2/ref/contrib/admin/) - [Admin actions](/id/2.2/ref/contrib/admin/actions/) - [Admin documentation generator](/id/2.2/ref/contrib/admin/admindocs/) ## Keamanan Keamanan adalah sebuah topik dari sangat penting dalam pengembangan aplikasi jaringan dan Django menyediakan banyak alat perlindungan dan mekanisme: - [Security overview](/id/2.2/topics/security/) - [Disclosed security issues in Django](/id/2.2/releases/security/) - [Clickjacking protection](/id/2.2/ref/clickjacking/) - [Cross Site Request Forgery protection](/id/2.2/ref/csrf/) - [Cryptographic signing](/id/2.2/topics/signing/) - [Security Middleware](/id/2.2/ref/middleware/#security-middleware) ## Internasionalisasi dan lokalisasi Django menawarkan kerangka internasionalisasi dan lokalisasi yang kuat untuk memandu anda dalam mengembangkan aplikasi untuk banyak bahasa dan wilayah dunia: - [Overview](/id/2.2/topics/i18n/) | [Internationalization](/id/2.2/topics/i18n/translation/) | [Localization](/id/2.2/topics/i18n/translation/#how-to-create-language-files) | [Localized Web UI formatting and form input](/id/2.2/topics/i18n/formatting/) - [Time zones](/id/2.2/topics/i18n/timezones/) ## Penampilan dan optimalisasi Terdapat beragam teknik dan alat yang dapat membantu mendapatkan kode anda berjalan efesien - cepat, dan menggunakan sedikit sumberdaya sistem. - [Performance and optimization overview](/id/2.2/topics/performance/) ## Kerangka geografis [GeoDjango](/id/2.2/ref/contrib/gis/) bermaksud menjadi kerangka Jaringan geografis kelas-dunia. Tujuannya adalah membuat dia semudah mungkin membangun aplikasi Jaringan GIS dan memanfaatkan kekuatan dari data spasial diadakan. ## Alat aplikasi Jaringan Umum Django menawarkan alat-alat banyak umumnya dibutuhkan dalam pengembangan aplikasi Jaringan: - **Pembuktian keaslian:** [Overview](/id/2.2/topics/auth/) | [Using the authentication system](/id/2.2/topics/auth/default/) | [Password management](/id/2.2/topics/auth/passwords/) | [Customizing authentication](/id/2.2/topics/auth/customizing/) | [API Reference](/id/2.2/ref/contrib/auth/) - [Caching](/id/2.2/topics/cache/) - [Logging](/id/2.2/topics/logging/) - [Sending emails](/id/2.2/topics/email/) - [Syndication feeds (RSS/Atom)](/id/2.2/ref/contrib/syndication/) - [Pagination](/id/2.2/topics/pagination/) - [Messages framework](/id/2.2/ref/contrib/messages/) - [Serialization](/id/2.2/topics/serialization/) - [Sessions](/id/2.2/topics/http/sessions/) - [Sitemaps](/id/2.2/ref/contrib/sitemaps/) - [Static files management](/id/2.2/ref/contrib/staticfiles/) - [Data validation](/id/2.2/ref/validators/) ## Fungsionalitas inti lain Pelajari tentang beberapa fungsi inti lainnya dari kerangka Django: - [Conditional content processing](/id/2.2/topics/conditional-view-processing/) - [Content types and generic relations](/id/2.2/ref/contrib/contenttypes/) - [Flatpages](/id/2.2/ref/contrib/flatpages/) - [Redirects](/id/2.2/ref/contrib/redirects/) - [Signals](/id/2.2/topics/signals/) - [System check framework](/id/2.2/topics/checks/) - [The sites framework](/id/2.2/ref/contrib/sites/) - [Unicode in Django](/id/2.2/ref/unicode/) ## Proyek sumber-terbuka Django Mempelajari bagaimana pengolahan pengembangan untuk proyek Django itu sendiri dan tentang bagaimana anda dapat membantu: - **Community:** [How to get involved](/id/2.2/internals/contributing/) | [The release process](/id/2.2/internals/release-process/) | [Team organization](/id/2.2/internals/organization/) | [The Django source code repository](/id/2.2/internals/git/) | [Security policies](/id/2.2/internals/security/) | [Mailing lists](/id/2.2/internals/mailing-lists/) - **Filosofi rancangan:** [Overview](/id/2.2/misc/design-philosophies/) - **Dokumentasi:** [Tentang dokumentasi ini](/id/2.2/internals/contributing/writing-documentation/) - **Sebaran pihak-ketiga:** [Overview](/id/2.2/misc/distributions/) - **Django berkali-kali:** [API stability](/id/2.2/misc/api-stability/) | [Release notes and upgrading instructions](/id/2.2/releases/) | [Deprecation Timeline](/id/2.2/internals/deprecation/)