{"title":"Menyediakan data awal untuk model","version":"2.1","locale":"id","docname":"howto/initial-data","url":"/id/2.1/howto/initial-data/","canonical":"https://djangodocs.dev/id/2.1/howto/initial-data/","summary":"Terkadang berguna untuk pra-pengumpulan basisdata anda dengan data kode-keras ketika anda sedang pertama kali menyetel sebuah aplikasi. Anda dapat menyediakan data…","html":"<h1>Menyediakan data awal untuk model<a class=\"heading-anchor\" href=\"#providing-initial-data-for-models\"><span class=\"visually-hidden\">Link to this heading</span><span aria-hidden=\"true\">#</span></a></h1>\n<p>Terkadang berguna untuk pra-pengumpulan basisdata anda dengan data kode-keras ketika anda sedang pertama kali menyetel sebuah aplikasi. Anda dapat menyediakan data inisial dengan perpindahan atau perlengkapan.</p>\n<section id=\"providing-initial-data-with-migrations\">\n<h2>Menyediakan data inisial dengan perpindahan<a class=\"heading-anchor\" href=\"#providing-initial-data-with-migrations\"><span class=\"visually-hidden\">Link to this heading</span><span aria-hidden=\"true\">#</span></a></h2>\n<p>Jika anda ingin otomatis memuat data inisial untuk sebuah aplikasi, buat sebuah :ref:<a href=\"#id1\"><span class=\"problematic\" id=\"id2\">`</span></a>data migration <a href=\"#id3\"><span class=\"problematic\" id=\"id4\">`</span></a>. Perpindahan berjalan ketika mengatur basisdata, jadi data akan tersedia disana, Subyek pada :ref:<a href=\"#id5\"><span class=\"problematic\" id=\"id6\">`</span></a>some limitations <a href=\"#id7\"><span class=\"problematic\" id=\"id8\">`</span></a>.</p>\n</section>\n<section id=\"providing-data-with-fixtures\">\n<span id=\"initial-data-via-fixtures\"></span><h2>Menyediakan data dengan perlengkapan<a class=\"heading-anchor\" href=\"#providing-data-with-fixtures\"><span class=\"visually-hidden\">Link to this heading</span><span aria-hidden=\"true\">#</span></a></h2>\n<p>Anda dapat juga menyediakan data menggunakan fixture, data ini tidak dimuat secara otomatis, kecuali jika anda menggunakan <a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/id/2.1/topics/testing/tools/#django.test.TransactionTestCase.fixtures\" title=\"django.test.TransactionTestCase.fixtures\"><code class=\"xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate\"><span class=\"pre\">TransactionTestCase.fixtures</span></code></a>.</p>\n<p>Perlengkapan tetap adalah sebuah kumpulan dari data yang Django ketahui bagaimana diimpor kedalam sebuah basisdata. Kebanyakan jalan mudah dari pembuatan perlengkapan tetap jika anda telah mendapatkan beberapa data adalah untuk menggunakan perintah  <a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/id/2.1/ref/django-admin/#django-admin-dumpdata\"><code class=\"xref std std-djadmin docutils literal notranslate\"><span class=\"pre\">manage.py</span> <span class=\"pre\">dumpdata</span></code></a>. Atau, anda dapat menulis perlengkapan tetap dengan tangan; perlengkapan tetap dapat ditulis sebagai dokumen JSON, XML atau YAML (dengan <a class=\"reference external\" href=\"https://pyyaml.org/\">PyYAML</a> terpasang). <a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/id/2.1/topics/serialization/\"><span class=\"doc\">serialization documentation</span></a> mempunyai lebih rincian tentang setiap dari ini <a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/id/2.1/topics/serialization/#serialization-formats\"><span class=\"std std-ref\">serialization formats</span></a> yang didukung.</p>\n<p>Sebagai sebuah contoh, meskipun, ini adalah apa sebuah perlengkapan tetap untuk mode <code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\"><span class=\"pre\">Person</span></code> sederhana mungkin kelihatan seperti di JSON:</p>\n<div class=\"code-block\" data-language=\"js\"><div class=\"code-block-toolbar\"><span class=\"code-block-language\">Js</span><button type=\"button\" class=\"copy-button\" data-copy hidden><span class=\"copy-button-label\">Copy</span></button></div><pre role=\"group\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-label=\"Js code\"><code><span class=\"p\">[</span>\n<span class=\"w\">  </span><span class=\"p\">{</span>\n<span class=\"w\">    </span><span class=\"s2\">&quot;model&quot;</span><span class=\"o\">:</span><span class=\"w\"> </span><span class=\"s2\">&quot;myapp.person&quot;</span><span class=\"p\">,</span>\n<span class=\"w\">    </span><span class=\"s2\">&quot;pk&quot;</span><span class=\"o\">:</span><span class=\"w\"> </span><span class=\"mf\">1</span><span class=\"p\">,</span>\n<span class=\"w\">    </span><span class=\"s2\">&quot;fields&quot;</span><span class=\"o\">:</span><span class=\"w\"> </span><span class=\"p\">{</span>\n<span class=\"w\">      </span><span class=\"s2\">&quot;first_name&quot;</span><span class=\"o\">:</span><span class=\"w\"> </span><span class=\"s2\">&quot;John&quot;</span><span class=\"p\">,</span>\n<span class=\"w\">      </span><span class=\"s2\">&quot;last_name&quot;</span><span class=\"o\">:</span><span class=\"w\"> </span><span class=\"s2\">&quot;Lennon&quot;</span>\n<span class=\"w\">    </span><span class=\"p\">}</span>\n<span class=\"w\">  </span><span class=\"p\">},</span>\n<span class=\"w\">  </span><span class=\"p\">{</span>\n<span class=\"w\">    </span><span class=\"s2\">&quot;model&quot;</span><span class=\"o\">:</span><span class=\"w\"> </span><span class=\"s2\">&quot;myapp.person&quot;</span><span class=\"p\">,</span>\n<span class=\"w\">    </span><span class=\"s2\">&quot;pk&quot;</span><span class=\"o\">:</span><span class=\"w\"> </span><span class=\"mf\">2</span><span class=\"p\">,</span>\n<span class=\"w\">    </span><span class=\"s2\">&quot;fields&quot;</span><span class=\"o\">:</span><span class=\"w\"> </span><span class=\"p\">{</span>\n<span class=\"w\">      </span><span class=\"s2\">&quot;first_name&quot;</span><span class=\"o\">:</span><span class=\"w\"> </span><span class=\"s2\">&quot;Paul&quot;</span><span class=\"p\">,</span>\n<span class=\"w\">      </span><span class=\"s2\">&quot;last_name&quot;</span><span class=\"o\">:</span><span class=\"w\"> </span><span class=\"s2\">&quot;McCartney&quot;</span>\n<span class=\"w\">    </span><span class=\"p\">}</span>\n<span class=\"w\">  </span><span class=\"p\">}</span>\n<span class=\"p\">]</span>\n</code></pre></div>\n<p>Dan ini adalah yang perlengkapan tetap sama seperti YAML:</p>\n<div class=\"code-block\" data-language=\"yaml\"><div class=\"code-block-toolbar\"><span class=\"code-block-language\">YAML</span><button type=\"button\" class=\"copy-button\" data-copy hidden><span class=\"copy-button-label\">Copy</span></button></div><pre role=\"group\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-label=\"YAML code\"><code><span class=\"p p-Indicator\">-</span><span class=\"w\"> </span><span class=\"nt\">model</span><span class=\"p\">:</span><span class=\"w\"> </span><span class=\"l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain\">myapp.person</span>\n<span class=\"w\">  </span><span class=\"nt\">pk</span><span class=\"p\">:</span><span class=\"w\"> </span><span class=\"l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain\">1</span>\n<span class=\"w\">  </span><span class=\"nt\">fields</span><span class=\"p\">:</span>\n<span class=\"w\">    </span><span class=\"nt\">first_name</span><span class=\"p\">:</span><span class=\"w\"> </span><span class=\"l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain\">John</span>\n<span class=\"w\">    </span><span class=\"nt\">last_name</span><span class=\"p\">:</span><span class=\"w\"> </span><span class=\"l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain\">Lennon</span>\n<span class=\"p p-Indicator\">-</span><span class=\"w\"> </span><span class=\"nt\">model</span><span class=\"p\">:</span><span class=\"w\"> </span><span class=\"l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain\">myapp.person</span>\n<span class=\"w\">  </span><span class=\"nt\">pk</span><span class=\"p\">:</span><span class=\"w\"> </span><span class=\"l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain\">2</span>\n<span class=\"w\">  </span><span class=\"nt\">fields</span><span class=\"p\">:</span>\n<span class=\"w\">    </span><span class=\"nt\">first_name</span><span class=\"p\">:</span><span class=\"w\"> </span><span class=\"l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain\">Paul</span>\n<span class=\"w\">    </span><span class=\"nt\">last_name</span><span class=\"p\">:</span><span class=\"w\"> </span><span class=\"l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain\">McCartney</span>\n</code></pre></div>\n<p>Anda akan menyimpan data ini dalam sebuah direktori <code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\"><span class=\"pre\">fixtures</span></code> didalam aplikasi anda.</p>\n<p>Memuat data sangat mudah: cukup panggil <a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/id/2.1/ref/django-admin/#django-admin-loaddata\"><code class=\"xref std std-djadmin docutils literal notranslate\"><span class=\"pre\">manage.py</span> <span class=\"pre\">loaddata</span></code></a> <code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\"><span class=\"pre\">&lt;fixturename&gt;</span></code>, dimana <code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\"><span class=\"pre\">&lt;fixturename&gt;</span></code> adalah nama dari berkas perlengkapan tetap anda telah buat. Setiap kali anda menjalankan <a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/id/2.1/ref/django-admin/#django-admin-loaddata\"><code class=\"xref std std-djadmin docutils literal notranslate\"><span class=\"pre\">loaddata</span></code></a>, data akan dibaca dari perlengkapan tetap dan dimuat kembali kedalam basisdata. Catat ini berarti bahwa jika anda merubah satu dari baris-baris dibuat oleh sebuah perlengkapan tetap dan kemudian menjalankan <a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/id/2.1/ref/django-admin/#django-admin-loaddata\"><code class=\"xref std std-djadmin docutils literal notranslate\"><span class=\"pre\">loaddata</span></code></a> kembali, anda akan menyapu bersih setiap perubahan anda telah buat.</p>\n<section id=\"where-django-finds-fixture-files\">\n<h3>Dimana Django menemukan berkas-berkas perlengkapan tetap<a class=\"heading-anchor\" href=\"#where-django-finds-fixture-files\"><span class=\"visually-hidden\">Link to this heading</span><span aria-hidden=\"true\">#</span></a></h3>\n<p>Secara awal, Django mencari dalam direktori <code class=\"docutils literal notranslate\"><span class=\"pre\">fixtures</span></code> didalam setiap aplokasi untuk perlengkapan tetap. Anda dapat mengatur pengaturan :setting:<a href=\"#id1\"><span class=\"problematic\" id=\"id2\">`</span></a>FIXTURE_DIRS`ke sebuah daftar dari direktoti tambahan dimana Django seharusnya melihat.</p>\n<p>Ketika menjalankan <a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/id/2.1/ref/django-admin/#django-admin-loaddata\"><code class=\"xref std std-djadmin docutils literal notranslate\"><span class=\"pre\">manage.py</span> <span class=\"pre\">loaddata</span></code></a>, anda dapat juga menentukan sebuah jalur untuk berkas alat bantu, yang menimpa pencarian direktori-direktori biasanya.</p>\n<aside class=\"admonition admonition-seealso\">\n<p class=\"admonition-title\">Lihat juga</p>\n<p>Perlengkapan tetap juga digunakan oleh <a class=\"reference internal\" href=\"/id/2.1/topics/testing/tools/#topics-testing-fixtures\"><span class=\"std std-ref\">testing framework</span></a> untuk membantu mengatur kelesarasan lingkungan percobaan.</p>\n</aside>\n</section>\n</section>","rootId":"providing-initial-data-for-models","toc":[{"title":"Menyediakan data inisial dengan perpindahan","anchor":"providing-initial-data-with-migrations","children":[]},{"title":"Menyediakan data dengan perlengkapan","anchor":"providing-data-with-fixtures","children":[{"title":"Dimana Django menemukan berkas-berkas perlengkapan tetap","anchor":"where-django-finds-fixture-files","children":[]}]}],"breadcrumbs":[{"docname":"howto/index","title":"Panduan \"Bagaimana\"","url":"/id/2.1/howto/"}],"prev":{"docname":"howto/error-reporting","title":"Pelaporan kesalahan","url":"/id/2.1/howto/error-reporting/"},"next":{"docname":"howto/jython","title":"Django di Jython","url":"/id/2.1/howto/jython/"},"formats":{"html":"/id/2.1/howto/initial-data/","markdown":"/id/2.1/howto/initial-data.md","json":"/id/2.1/howto/initial-data.json"},"source":"https://github.com/django/django/blob/stable/2.1.x/docs/howto/initial-data.txt","official":"https://docs.djangoproject.com/id/2.1/howto/initial-data/","inVersions":["6.1","6.0","5.2","5.1","5.0","4.2","4.1","4.0","3.2","3.1","3.0","2.2","2.1","2.0","1.11","1.10","1.9"],"inLocales":["en","zh-hans","fr","ja","id","pt-br","ko","es","el","pl"]}